NUR 207 Exam 2 Review

These flashcards cover important vocabulary and key concepts that are relevant to the NUR 207 Exam 2 material.

Shiley trach

A type of tracheostomy tube that has a disposable inner cannula and typically doesn't require an obturator for insertion.

Chest tube

A tube placed in the pleural space to remove air or fluid and restore pressure for lung re-expansion.

Pericarditis

Inflammation of the pericardium, often characterized by sharp chest pain.

Tension pneumothorax

A life-threatening condition where air enters the pleural space and cannot escape, leading to increased pressure.

Hyperglycemia

A condition characterized by high blood sugar levels, often above 180 mg/dL.

Hypoglycemia

A condition characterized by low blood sugar levels, often below 70 mg/dL.

Leptin

A hormone produced by adipocytes that signals satiety and helps to regulate energy balance.

Asthma

A respiratory condition characterized by difficulty breathing due to airway inflammation and obstruction.

Status asthmaticus

A severe asthma attack that is unresponsive to standard treatments and requires immediate medical attention.

Oxygen therapy

A treatment to provide supplemental oxygen to patients with hypoxia or respiratory difficulties.

What is a tracheostomy?

A surgical procedure to create an opening in the trachea to facilitate breathing.

What conditions may require a chest tube?

Conditions like pneumothorax, pleural effusion, or hemothorax may require a chest tube.

What are the common symptoms of pericarditis?

Symptoms include sharp chest pain, fever, and shortness of breath.

What are the possible causes of tension pneumothorax?

Causes can include trauma, lung disease, or mechanical ventilation.

What are the symptoms of hyperglycemia?

Symptoms may include excessive thirst, frequent urination, and fatigue.

What are some causes of hypoglycemia?

Causes can include excessive insulin, missed meals, or intense exercise.

How does leptin affect appetite?

Leptin signals the brain to decrease appetite when fat stores are sufficient.

What triggers an asthma attack?

Triggers can include allergens, exercise, cold air, and smoke.

What is the treatment for status asthmaticus?

Treatment may involve bronchodilators, corticosteroids, and oxygen therapy.

Who might benefit from oxygen therapy?

Patients with conditions such as COPD, pneumonia, or severe asthma may benefit from oxygen therapy.

What are potential complications of a tracheostomy?

Complications can include infection, bleeding, and tube dislodgment.

How can chest tubes be monitored?

Monitoring involves checking for air leaks, fluid output, and patient respiratory status.

What diagnostic tests can confirm pericarditis?

Tests include echocardiograms, electrocardiograms (ECGs), and chest X-rays.

What can happen if tension pneumothorax is not treated promptly?

It can lead to respiratory and cardiac arrest due to increased intrathoracic pressure.

What long-term effects can chronic hyperglycemia have?

Chronic hyperglycemia can lead to nerve damage, kidney failure, and cardiovascular disease.

What preemptive measures can prevent hypoglycemia?

Measures include regular meal timings, appropriate insulin dosing, and monitoring blood glucose levels.

What role does leptin play in obesity?

Leptin resistance can occur in obesity, where the brain does not respond to leptin signals, leading to increased appetite.

How can asthma be managed beyond medications?

Management can include allergen avoidance, peak flow monitoring, and lifestyle modifications.

What are the signs that indicate a need for immediate medical attention in asthmatics?

Signs include severe shortness of breath, inability to speak, and blue lips or face.

What are the criteria for determining the need for long-term oxygen therapy?

Criteria include resting hypoxemia, chronic lung disease, and exercise-induced desaturation.