Body Plans and Organ Systems in Animals

Flashcards covering key terms and definitions related to body plans and organ systems in higher animals.

Endoderm

The innermost germ layer that develops into the digestive and respiratory systems.

Acoelomate

An animal without a body cavity between the digestive tract and the body wall.

Pseudocoelom

A body cavity not fully lined with mesoderm.

Ectoderm

The outermost germ layer that forms the skin and nervous system.

Mesoderm

The middle germ layer that forms muscles, bones, and the circulatory system.

Pseudocoelomate

An animal with a pseudocoelom, a body cavity not fully surrounded by mesoderm.

Coelomate

An animal with a true coelom, a body cavity completely lined with mesoderm.

Complete digestive tract

A digestive system with two openings: a mouth and an anus.

Uteri

The organs in female nematodes where eggs develop.

Seminal vesicle

A tube where sperm is stored in male nematodes.

Copulatory spicule

A structure used by male nematodes to hold the female during copulation.

Vas deferens

A duct that carries sperm from the testes to the genital pore.

Setae

Small bristles used by annelids for movement.

Pharynx

The part of the digestive system where food enters.

Gizzard

The muscular organ that grinds food in earthworms.

Nephridia

Tubes in earthworms that remove waste from the body.

Coelomic fluid

The fluid in the body cavity that helps transport gases and nutrients.

Hermaphrodites

Organisms that have both male and female reproductive organs.

Clitellum

The segment in earthworms that produces a mucous cocoon for eggs.

Chitinous exoskeleton

A tough outer shell made of chitin in arthropods.

Jointed appendages

Limbs with joints that allow for movement and various functions.

Ovipositor

A structure used by female grasshoppers to lay eggs.

Malpighian tubules

Organs that remove waste from the blood in grasshoppers.