Vaccination Quiz

Hepatitis B

Birth, 1-2 months, & 6 months
If mother positive, Hepatitis B immunoglobin also given
Vastus lateralis site (thigh)

Hepatitis A

Child has to reach 1 year old to get first vaccine then followed by at least 6 months later up to 23 months for the second one

Rotavirus symptoms

Diarrhea, vomiting, dehydration

Rotavirus vaccines

Rotarix:
2 months and 4 months
RotaTeq: 2 months, 4 months, 6 months

Dtap (Diphteria, Pertussis, Tetanus)

2 months, 4 months, 6 months, 15-18 months, 4 to 6 years

Tdap booster

11-12 years
TD booster every 10 years

Pertussis

Highly contagious, Severe coughing, whooping, vomitting

Diphtheria

Sore throat, low fever, membrane on tonsils, pharynx or nasal cavity

Tetanus 

Symptoms caused by tetanospasmin, a neurotoxin
Involves a cut or deep puncture wound

Haemophilus influenzae HIB Doses

2 months, 4 months, 6 months
Booster 12-15 months

HIB Effect

Protects bacterial meningitis, epiglottitis, pneumonia, sepsis

PedvaxHIB

2-dose primary series at 2 and 4 months, booster at 12-15 months

Pneumococcal Vaccines

PCV 13 (Prevnar) and PPSV23 (Pneumovax)

PCV 13 (Prevnar)

Prevents meningitis, otitis media, sinusitis, pneumonia
2 months, 4 months, 6 months Booster 12-15 months

PPSV23 (Pneumovax)

Usually have a poor antibody response
Minimum age 2 years

Inactivated Poliovirus

Spreads and can invade the brain and spinal cord, causing paralysis
4 doses: 2 months, 4 months, 6-18 months 4-6 years 
Administer the final dose at least 6 months after previous dose

Children's Influenza

Recommended annually starting at 6 months

When do you not give the Influenza vaccine?

When person has Guillain-Barré or allergy reaction to vaccine

Measles

Viral respiratory infection
Fever, malaise, cough, rash

Mumps

Swollen salivary glands and fever

Rubella

Fever, sore throat, rash

MMR doses

2 doses
12 through 15 months, 4 through 6 years

What combination of vaccines do you administer the first dose separately for children?

MMR and Varicella

Varicella

2 doses (12 to 15 months, 4 to 6 years)

What does Meningococcal conjugate vaccine treat?

Meningitis, bacteremia, septicemia

When should the meningococcal conjugate vaccine be administered?

First dose 11 or 12 years, booster at 16 or before college

Why is Meningococacal conjugate vaccine given before college?

Because it is spread through droplet transmission

COVID-19

Recommended 6 months and older

Children Vaccine Reactions

Erythema
Tenderness at the injection site
Low-grade fever
Behavioral changes
Assess allergies to vaccine ingredients

What vaccination gives patients a weaker immune response, and what newer ones were made to help older adults to help improve immune response?

Influenza

Herpes Zoster—Shingles

Shingrix - FDA for adults 50 and over
Two doses, given 2 to 6 months apart

Herpes Zoster Shingrix vaccine effectiveness

More than 90% effective in preventing shingles and prevents postherpetic neuralgia (PHN)

When do people get the pneumococcal vaccine?

Adults 65 and older
2 years and older at increased risk for disease 
19-64 who smoke cigarettes

What trimester should a pregnant woman get Tdap?

During the 3rd trimester

What Vaccines have 2 months, 4 months, and 6 months or more doses?

• DTaP 2,4,6, 15-18 months, 4-6 years

• Hib 2,4,6, 12-15 months, 4-6 years (except PedvaxHIB version)

• PCV13 (Prevnar) 2,4,6, 12-15 months

• Rotavirus (RotaTeq) 2, 4, 6 months

• Polio (IPV) 2,4,6-18 months, 4-6 years

MRNA Vaccines

Proteins created to trigger immune response, shorter manufacturing times, no live virus

Subunit, Recombinant, Polysaccharide, Conjugate Vaccines

Has specific pieces of germ in it and good for people with weakened immune systems, may need booster shot and targeted strong response

Inactivated vaccines

Killed version of the germ that may need boosters

Live-Attenuated

Weakened form of the germ that is strong and long-lasting response and need to be kept cool