anatomy exam 3 iupui

muscle fiber

muscle cell

epimysium

surrounds entire muscle

Perimysium

Connective tissue surrounding a fascicle

Endomysium

Connective tissue surrounding a muscle fiber

epimysium

Perimysium

Endomysium

sarcolemma

plasma membrane of a muscle cell

sarcoplasmic reticulum

Organelle of the muscle fiber that stores calcium.

voluntary, striated

skeletal muscle

striated, involuntary

cardiac muscle

involuntary, non-striated

smooth muscle

sarcomere

Contractile unit of muscle

sarcomere

Z disc to Z disc

myosin

thick filament

actin

thin filaments

I band

light band

zone of overlap

the densest, darkest area on a light micrograph

where thick and thin filaments overlap

h band

middle of A band; thick filaments only

m line

middle of sarcomere

a band

dark area; extends length of the thick filaments, anisoprophic

move closer together

Z-lines _____ during contraction

doesn't change

during contraction the A band ____

Contractility

ability to shorten forcibly when stimulated

Extensibility

ability to be stretched

Elasticity

The ability of a material to bounce back after being disturbed

skeletal muscle

sentitial or multinucleated

cardiac muscle

mono or binucleated

triad

group of three, pouching in of the sarcolemma

t tubule

projection of the sarcolemma into the interior of the cell

muscle, fascicle, fiber/cell, myofibril, sarcomere

organization of muscle to sarcomere 5

troponin

what holds tropomyosin in place

actin filaments

myosin binding heads will turn towards _____

calcium ions

atp occurs with ______

get smaller

in the sliding filament theory, H and I band ______

gets larger

in the sliding filament theory, the zone of overlap ____

red fibers

"Slow Twitch"

Fatigue resistant, aerobic metabolism

Myoglobin: slow to contract, darker color, smaller

white fibers

Fast-twitch muscle fibers. They are primarily anaerobic and fatigue more easily, bigger, pale, few mitochondria

slow (red) fibers

a marathoner would have more _____

fast (white) fibers

a sprinter would have more_____

stationary

origin , multiple

insertion

attachment to movable bone, single

prime movers, agonist

responsible for producing a particular movement

synergist

muscle that aids a prime mover in a movement and helps prevent rotation

antagonist

muscles whose actions oppose agonist

buccinator

buccinator

compresses cheek

mentalis

mentalis

Elevates and protrudes lower lip, pouting

orbicularis oris

orbicularis oris

compresses, purses lips

Risorius

Draws corner of mouth laterally

risorius

zygomaticus major

retracts and elevates corner of mouth

zygomaticus major

bottom

zygomaticus minor

retracts and elevates upper lip

zygomaticus minor

top

orbicularis oculi

closes eye

orbicularis oculi

frontal belly

raises eyebrows, wrinkles forehead

frontal belly

occipital belly

tenses and retracts scalp

occipital belly

platysma

tenses skin of neck, depresses mandible

platysma

masseter, temporal

what are the muscles of mastification

masseter

elevates mandible and closes jaw

masseter

temporalis

elevates mandible

retracts jaw

temporalis

digastric

depresses mandible, opening mouth, swallowing, elevates larynx

digastric

omohyoid

depresses hyoid bone and larynx o

omohyoid

sternohyoid

depresses hyoid bone and larynx s

sternohyoid

sternothyroid

depresses hyoid bone and larynx th

sternothyroid

Sternocleidomastoid

Contraction of one side: laterally flexes neck, rotates head to opposite side; Contraction of both sides together: flexes neck

Sternocleidomastoid

iliocostalis, longissimus, spinalis

order of erector spinae group that extend neck

scalenes

external intercostals

elevates ribs

external intercostals

internal intercostals

depress ribs

internal intercostals

linea alba

The "white line:" the tendinous median line on the ventral abdominal wall between the two rectus muscles

tendinous inscriptions

The Rectus abdominis is crossed by fibrous bands, three in number, which are named the

external oblique

Compresses abdomen; laterally flexes and rotates vertebral column to opposite sides

external oblique

internal oblique

flexes and rotates vertebral column to same side

internal oblique

transverse abdominis

compresses abdominal contents

rectus abdominis

depresses ribs, flexes vertebral column, compresses abdomen

levator scapulae

elevates scapula

levator scapulae

pectoralis minor

protracts and depresses shoulder, rotates scapula, elevates ribs if scapula is stationary

pectoralis minor

rhomboid major

adducts scapula

rhomboid major