Form 12 CCSSA Specific Things

What condition puts menopausal women with a smoking history at the greatest risk of death?

Cardiovascular disease

What is the cause of heavy vaginal bleeding in women with thrombocytopenia?

Immune thrombocytopenic purpura

What are the characteristic signs and symptoms of congestive heart failure?

Both S3 and S4 heart sounds, crackles, and distended jugular veins

What is the outcome for a fetus delivered before 22 to 23 weeks gestation?

Stillbirth; resuscitative efforts won't be effective.

What does cloudy fluid draining around a nasogastric tube indicate, and what is the recommended action?

Purulent nasal discharge, indicating sinusitis; a CT of the sinuses should be done.

What does bradypnea in a patient receiving opioids suggest?

Opioid overdose; ABG is needed for confirmation.

What is the purpose of conducting meta-analyses?

To increase the power of the overall study.

Is it safe to use lithium after the first trimester in pregnant women?

Yes, the risk of Ebstein anomaly decreases significantly after the first trimester.

What condition is indicated by sudden onset of a severe headache?

Subarachnoid hemorrhage; lumbar puncture will show xanthochromia.

What is the screening method for optic gliomas in NF1 patients?

Ophthalmic examination.

What should be done when an ovarian mass is causing precocious puberty?

Remove the ovary.

What defect is likely responsible for recurrent respiratory and sinus infections?

Defect in the cilia.

What should be ensured when a patient makes an end-of-life decision?

Ensure they have capacity.

What heart sound is characteristic of aortic stenosis?

Diminished S2 heart sound.

What type of diarrhea is caused by E coli O157:H7?

Bloody diarrhea.

What helps to further diagnose and relieve symptoms of galactocele?

Fine needle aspiration.

What signifies a femoral artery aneurysm?

A pulsatile mass in the inguinal region that requires surgical repair.

What is the definitive confirmatory test for interstitial lung disease?

Lung biopsy.

What preoperative interventions help reduce errors and increase reliability during surgery?

Confirmation of patient identity, procedure, patient positioning, and availability of instruments.

What can result from unilateral laryngeal nerve injury during thyroidectomy?

Vocal cord paralysis leading to hoarseness.

What EKG finding suggests Paroxysmal Supraventricular Tachycardia (PSVT)?

Very narrow QRS complex that looks like needles.

What does narrowing of joint space and osteopenia on X-ray after a fall indicate?

Concern for hip fracture; MRI is best to confirm.

What is the most common long-term complication of bacterial meningitis in infants?

Hearing loss.

What reproductive features are associated with Turner’s syndrome?

Primary amenorrhea, loss of sexual characteristics, and infertility due to gonadal dysgenesis.

What vaccines should be administered at the time of HIV diagnosis?

Hepatitis vaccines, Pneumococcal, Meningococcal, and HiB vaccines.

Which condition presents with Kayser-Fleischer rings?

Wilson’s disease.

What indicates spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP) in peritoneal fluid analysis?

More than 1000 WBCs or 250 neutrophils.

What electrolyte disturbance is associated with anorexia?

Hypokalemic hypochloremic metabolic alkalosis from excessive vomiting.

What issue can arise from cleft palate?

Velopharyngeal insufficiency leading to speech difficulties.

What should be done if a patient with Entamoeba histolytica is already on antibiotics?

Keep the metronidazole only.

What is the first step in evaluating hoarseness in a patient with extensive smoking history?

Indirect laryngoscopy.

What conditions can cause colovesicular fistula?

Diverticular disease and Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD).

What should be included in preoperative evaluation for RA patients?

Cervical spine X-ray to assess risk of AA subluxation.

What condition can cause galactorrhea and hyperprolactinemia?

Hypothyroidism.

What is the next step if a patient on 2 antihypertensives is still above target BP?

Add a third antihypertensive agent.

What does a case series provide in medical study?

History, risk factors, clinical findings, and treatments for patients with similar diagnoses.

What are the symptoms of cardiogenic shock?

Cardiomegaly, cool extremities, hypotension with tachycardia, tachypnea, and JVD.

What indicates a very likely VSD in an infant?

Sweating with feedings and holosystolic murmur.

What should all rotator cuff injuries undergo?

At least a diagnostic MRI.

What is the best environmental modification for asthma triggers identified on skin testing?

Allergen impermeable mattresses and pillow covers.

What symptoms likely indicate BPH in an older man?

Suprapubic pain/tenderness, urgency, and inability to void.

What is the recommended imaging for a pregnant patient presenting with confusion after an MVA?

CT head.

What is the common age range for separation anxiety?

18 months to 3 years.

What features are typical for DiGeorge syndrome?

Hypertelorism and low-set ears.

What should be suspected in a patient with upper GI bleed and weight loss?

Gastric cancer; EGD is necessary.

What is the first test to perform if a nodule shows signs of hyperthyroidism?

Radioactive uptake test.

What conditions are associated with salicylate toxicity?

Respiratory alkalosis with metabolic acidosis.

What is the best method of wound closure for infected sites?

Delayed wound closure.

What hormonal levels are altered in DKA?

Insulin is decreased, and glucagon is increased.

What causes symptomatic hyponatremia linked to diuretics?

If symptoms occur while on a diuretic, stop the diuretic.

What is a teen's right regarding confidentiality?

Teens have a right to confidentiality unless safety is at risk.

What medication helps reduce airway secretions in hospice patients?

Scopalamine.

What is a notable symptom of appendicitis in pregnant patients?

Tenderness may not necessarily be in the RLQ.

What can lead to hypoparathyroidism after thyroid surgery?

Thyroid surgery can cause this, leading to increased calcium excretion.

What antibiotic can cause drug-induced neutropenia?

TMP-SMX; it should be stopped and checked back in a week.

What can also cause AIN aside from the 5 Ps?

Antibiotics like sulfa drugs and ceftriaxone.

What should be done if a fine needle biopsy is negative in the context of breast cancer symptoms?

An excisional biopsy needs to be performed.

What can cause bloody ear discharge during an ear infection?

Perforated tympanic membrane.