Bacterial, Viral, and Eukaryotic Pathogens Flashcards

A comprehensive collection of vocabulary flashcards covering the key terms, pathogens, and biological processes detailed in Lectures 7, 8, and 9 regarding bacterial, viral, and eukaryotic diseases.

Antibiotic

A substance that kills or inhibits bacterial growth.

Zone of Inhibition

The clear area around an antibiotic disk where bacteria cannot grow.

Salmonellosis

Foodborne illness caused by Salmonella bacteria.

Foodborne Disease

Illness contracted through contaminated food or water.

Fecal-Oral Transmission

Pathogens spread from fecal contamination to the mouth through food, water, or hands.

Mycobacterium tuberculosis

Bacterium that causes tuberculosis (TB).

Granuloma (Tubercle)

A collection of immune cells that walls off TB bacteria.

Mycobacterium leprae

Bacterium that causes Hansen's Disease (leprosy).

Clostridium difficile (C. diff)

Bacterium that causes severe diarrhea and colon inflammation.

Hansen's Disease (Leprosy)

Chronic disease affecting skin and peripheral nerves.

Syncytial

Large multinucleated cell formed by fusion of infected cells.

Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV)

Virus causing respiratory infections, especially in infants and elderly.

Endemic

Constantly present within a population.

Bronchiolitis

Inflammation of small airways in lungs.

Pneumonia

Infection causing inflammation of lung tissue.

Varicella (Chickenpox)

Primary infection with VZV.

Zoster (Shingles)

Reactivation of dormant VZV.

Varicella-Zoster Virus (VZV)

Virus responsible for chickenpox and shingles.

Vesicular Fluid

Fluid inside blisters.

Antiviral

Medication that inhibits viral replication.

Viremia

Presence of virus in bloodstream.

Encephalitis

Inflammation of the brain.

West Nile Virus

Mosquito-borne virus that may cause encephalitis.

Hepatocytes

Liver cells infected by Hepatitis C virus.

Giardiasis

Intestinal disease caused by Giardia intestinalis.

Giardia intestinalis

Protozoan parasite causing diarrhea.

Cyst

Dormant, resistant stage.

Trophozoite

Active feeding stage.

Plasmodium

Protozoan parasite causing malaria.

Sporozoite

Infectious stage transmitted by mosquitoes.

Merozoite

Stage that infects red blood cells.

Gametocytes

Sexual forms taken up by mosquitoes.

Malaria

Disease caused by Plasmodium species.

Anemia

Low red blood cell count.

Tapeworms

Parasitic flatworms living in intestines.

Cysticerci

Larval cyst stage of tapeworms.

Lymphatic Filariasis (Elephantiasis)

Disease caused by filarial worms blocking lymphatic vessels.

Lymph

Fluid circulating through lymphatic system.

Filarial Worms

Parasitic worms spread by mosquitoes.

Ringworm

Fungal skin infection.

Candidiasis

Fungal infection caused by Candida species.