AP World History Exam Review

Flashcards to help you study for the AP World History exam.

What areas does state building occur in during Unit 1?

Africa, Afro-Eurasia, East Asia, Europe, South and Southeast Asia, the Americas

What trade networks are covered in Unit 2?

The Silk Roads, Indian Ocean, trans-Saharan

What is a key focus of Unit 3?

The development of Manchu, Mughal, Ottoman, and Safavid empires.

Besides the development and maintenance of power, what other developments are covered in unit 3?

Religious developments in empires.

What are the key topics in Unit 4?

The influence of scientific learning and technological innovation, the Columbian Exchange, and the development and expansion of maritime empires.

What developments are discussed in Unit 5?

The Enlightenment, revolutions against existing governments, the Industrial Revolution, trade policies, and the development of industrial economies.

What is covered in Unit 6?

State expansion, resistance to imperialism, the growth of the global economy, economic imperialism, and new migration patterns.

What events/topics are covered in Unit 7?

Changes in the political order, World War I and II, the interwar period, and mass atrocities.

What happened in Unit 8?

Communism spread, colonies achieved independence, new states were created, and the Cold War ended.

What is covered in Unit 9?

Advances in technology, impacts of disease and environment, economic changes, movements for reform, and cultural changes.

What does “TEA” stand for when writing SAQ?

Topic sentence, evidence, and analysis.

What are the three sentences an SAQ should consist of in paragraph form?

Clear sentence answering prompt, specific evidence, and demonstration of how evidence supports topic sentence.

What is the historical context of the intro paragraph in a DBQ?

Describes political, social, or economic developments related to the prompt before the time period given.

How long should an intro argumentative thesis be in an LEQ or DBQ?

1-2 sentences of argument that includes how and why it answers the prompt (specific evidence).

What was the Magna Carta of 1215 and what rights did it provide?

Guaranteed rights to the nobles like the right to a jury trial, rights of all free citizens to own and inherit property.

Besides filial piety, what other Chinese cultural tradition continued to shape neighboring regions/countries?

Neo-Confucianism.

Name one Islamic political entity that rose after abbasid caliphate fragmentized.

Seljuk Empire, Mamluk sultanate of Egypt, and Delhi sultanates.

Name one new Hindu and Buddhist state that emerged in South and Southeast Asia.

Vijayanagara Empire, Srivijaya Empire, Rajput Kingdoms, Khmer Empire, Majapahit.

Name one American state system that demonstrated continuity, innovation, and diversity in scope with Afro-Eurasia.

Maya-city states, Mexica, Inca, Chaco, Mesa Verde, Cahokia.

Name one African state system that demonstrated continuity, innovation, and diversity in scope with Eurasia and the Americas.

Great Zimbabwe, Ethiopia, Hausa Kingdoms.

What economic, cultural, and technological innovations came from Muslims?

Trade dominance, innovations of credit, business contracts, and banking was established, improve rockets and papermaking, translated Greek philosophy.

Name two trading cities that grew as a result of the silk road.

Kashgar and Samarkand.

Name one luxury good that was traded through the Indian Ocean.

Porcelain from China, spices from Southeast Asia, cotton and pepper from India, gold and ivory from East Africa.

Name an exchange network in the Indian Ocean.

Srivijaya Kingdom, Swahili Coast, diasporic communities.

How did the growth/expansion of empires facilitate Afro-Eurasian trade and communication (Trans-Saharan)?

The expansion of empires—including Mali in West Africa–facilitated Afro-Eurasian trade and communication as new people were drawn into the economies and trade networks.

How do cities decline due to networks of exchange?

Political instability and invasions, disease, decline of agricultural productivity.

Name one cultural exchange in the trade routes that was the result of the spread.

Islam spread into China’s Daoist beliefs → Zen (Chan) Buddhism produced.

Name one empire that came to fruition as the Abbasid Caliphate was invaded.

Seljuk Empire, Mamluk sultanate of Egypt, and Delhi sultanates.

Name one country that had overgrazing as a result of introduction of crops through trade.

Great Zimbabwe.

Name a gunpowder empire in South/Central Asia.

Russia, Ottoman Empire, Safavid Empire, Mughal Empire.

Name one group of government officials from new Europe monarchies that expanded and carried out the will of the monarch

Tudors, Valois, Isabella and Ferdinand.

Give one example of legitimizing power through art, religion, and architecture.

Askia the Great claiming Islam as official religion of the Songhai Empire or Shah Jahan commissioning the Taj Mahal in India.

What happened within the Christian church from 1450-1750?

Divided, and Protestant and Catholic reformations contributed to the growth of Christianity.

What two empires intensified the split between Islam between Sunni and Shi'a?

Ottoman and Safavid empires conflict intensified the split within Islam between Sunni and Shi’a.

Name rulers used religious ideas, art, and monumental architecture to legitimize their rule during the period from 1450 to 1750.

Qing imperial portraits or Mexica practice of human sacrifice.

How did cross-cultural interactions result in the diffusion of technology and facilitated changes in patterns of trade and travel from 1450 to 1750?

Scientific learning, and technology from the Classical, Islamic, and Asian worlds spread, facilitating European technological developments and innovation.

Name 3 motivations for state-sponsorship in expansion of maritime exploration from 1450 to 1750.

Gold, God, and Glory.

Give the definition of the Columbian Exchange.

The transfer of people, animals, plants, diseases from the Eastern and Western hemispheres.

What was the main crop in the Brazilian colony of Portugal?

Sugarcane.

Name method rulers used tribute collection, tax farming, and innovative tax-collection systems to generate revenue in order to forward state power and expansion.

Ottoman tax farming, Mughal zamindar tax collection, Mexica tribute lists, Ming practice of collecting taxes in hard currency.

Name two Asian states that sought to limit the disruptive economic and cultural effects of European-dominated long-distance trade by adopting restrictive or isolationist trade policies.

Ming China and Tokugawa Japan.

How did people prevent the establishment of the Justice of the Peace in England from not going unchecked?

The English Bill of Rights, petition to the king, protections from cruel punishments that guaranteed civil liberties to the people.

How did the Spanish took advantage of the Mita system from the Incans?

Enslaved people were forced to work in silver mining for them (Spanish) with no wage.

Give an example resistance by state expansion and centralization from 1450 to 1750 took place under the Pueblo Revolts.

Queen Ana Nzinga’s resistance, Russian Pugachev Rebellion, Indian Maratha conflict with Mughals, Metacom’s/King Philip’s War.

List methods how state legitimized their power from 1450 to 1750.

Mexica/Aztec human sacrifice, European divine right, Chinese Qing imperial portraits, Inca sun temple of Cuzco, Mogul mausolea and mosques, Louis XIV’s Palace of Versailles.

What event created a disaster for the Natives of the Americas but enabled a lot of profit and wealth for Europeans?

Columbian Exchange, the transfer of people, animals, plants, diseases from the Eastern and Western hemispheres.

What were the differences between mercantilism and shifted to laissez-faire capitalism that caused the Industrial Revolution?

Mercantilism involving heavy government intervention while laissez-faire capitalism involved free-market economics.

What is an Example of how industrializing state promoted state-sponsored industrialization of non western country from 1750 to 1900?

Muhammad Ali’s development of a cotton textile industry in Egypt.

Name the two joint-stock companies established as a result of mercantalism

British East India Company and Dutch East India Company.

How did the growth of merchantilist policies and practices influence maritime Empires?

European rulers expanded to control their economies and claim more land.

Who was Marco Polo (Traveler) during the period of Global Exchange?

Stretched from Venica to meet Kublai Khan in China, later captured by venetians and told his stories which grew popular with Europeans.

How were Global conflict of World War 1 shaped to society during the period of time?

There was a political split by religions that impacted societies, as well as the use of political propaganda, art, media, and intensified forms of nationalism.

How was Revolution in the Enlightenment of all areas of life caused prior to the world?

The ideas of the Enlightenment thought that questioned the established traditions in all areas of life often proceeded revolutions and rebellions against existing governments.

What was the social Darwinism belief on the nation?

Believed European nations were strong and ate/cannibalized the weak.

Explain state expansion and centralization that led to resistance from an array of social on a local level

Pueblo Revolts, Fronde, Cossack revolts

What areas does state building occur in during Unit 1?

Africa, Afro-Eurasia, East Asia, Europe, South and Southeast Asia, the Americas

What trade networks are covered in Unit 2?

The Silk Roads, Indian Ocean, trans-Saharan

What is a key focus of Unit 3?

The development of Manchu, Mughal, Ottoman, and Safavid empires.

Besides the development and maintenance of power, what other developments are covered in unit 3?

Religious developments in empires.

What are the key topics in Unit 4?

The influence of scientific learning and technological innovation, the Columbian Exchange, and the development and expansion of maritime empires.

What developments are discussed in Unit 5?

The Enlightenment, revolutions against existing governments, the Industrial Revolution, trade policies, and the development of industrial economies.

What is covered in Unit 6?

State expansion, resistance to imperialism, the growth of the global economy, economic imperialism, and new migration patterns.

What events/topics are covered in Unit 7?

Changes in the political order, World War I and II, the interwar period, and mass atrocities.

What happened in Unit 8?

Communism spread, colonies achieved independence, new states were created, and the Cold War ended.

What is covered in Unit 9?

Advances in technology, impacts of disease and environment, economic changes, movements for reform, and cultural changes.

What does “TEA” stand for when writing SAQ?

Topic sentence, evidence, and analysis.

What are the three sentences an SAQ should consist of in paragraph form?

Clear sentence answering prompt, specific evidence, and demonstration of how evidence supports topic sentence.

What is the historical context of the intro paragraph in a DBQ?

Describes political, social, or economic developments related to the prompt before the time period given.

How long should an intro argumentative thesis be in an LEQ or DBQ?

1-2 sentences of argument that includes how and why it answers the prompt (specific evidence).

What was the Magna Carta of 1215 and what rights did it provide?

Guaranteed rights to the nobles like the right to a jury trial, rights of all free citizens to own and inherit property.

Besides filial piety, what other Chinese cultural tradition continued to shape neighboring regions/countries?

Neo-Confucianism.

Name one Islamic political entity that rose after abbasid caliphate fragmentized.

Seljuk Empire, Mamluk sultanate of Egypt, and Delhi sultanates.

Name one new Hindu and Buddhist state that emerged in South and Southeast Asia.

Vijayanagara Empire, Srivijaya Empire, Rajput Kingdoms, Khmer Empire, Majapahit.

Name one American state system that demonstrated continuity, innovation, and diversity in scope with Afro-Eurasia.

Maya-city states, Mexica, Inca, Chaco, Mesa Verde, Cahokia.

Name one African state system that demonstrated continuity, innovation, and diversity in scope with Eurasia and the Americas.

Great Zimbabwe, Ethiopia, Hausa Kingdoms.

What economic, cultural, and technological innovations came from Muslims?

Trade dominance, innovations of credit, business contracts, and banking was established, improve rockets and papermaking, translated Greek philosophy.

Name two trading cities that grew as a result of the silk road.

Kashgar and Samarkand.

Name one luxury good that was traded through the Indian Ocean.

Porcelain from China, spices from Southeast Asia, cotton and pepper from India, gold and ivory from East Africa.

Name an exchange network in the Indian Ocean.

Srivijaya Kingdom, Swahili Coast, diasporic communities.

How did the growth/expansion of empires facilitate Afro-Eurasian trade and communication (Trans-Saharan)?

The expansion of empires—including Mali in West Africa–facilitated Afro-Eurasian trade and communication as new people were drawn into the economies and trade networks.

How do cities decline due to networks of exchange?

Political instability and invasions, disease, decline of agricultural productivity.

Name one cultural exchange in the trade routes that was the result of the spread.

Islam spread into China’s Daoist beliefs → Zen (Chan) Buddhism produced.

Name one empire that came to fruition as the Abbasid Caliphate was invaded.

Seljuk Empire, Mamluk sultanate of Egypt, and Delhi sultanates.

Name one country that had overgrazing as a result of introduction of crops through trade.

Great Zimbabwe.

Name a gunpowder empire in South/Central Asia.

Russia, Ottoman Empire, Safavid Empire, Mughal Empire.

Name one group of government officials from new Europe monarchies that expanded and carried out the will of the monarch

Tudors, Valois, Isabella and Ferdinand.

Give one example of legitimizing power through art, religion, and architecture.

Askia the Great claiming Islam as official religion of the Songhai Empire or Shah Jahan commissioning the Taj Mahal in India.

What happened within the Christian church from 1450-1750?

Divided, and Protestant and Catholic reformations contributed to the growth of Christianity.

What two empires intensified the split between Islam between Sunni and Shi'a?

Ottoman and Safavid empires conflict intensified the split within Islam between Sunni and Shi’a.

Name rulers used religious ideas, art, and monumental architecture to legitimize their rule during the period from 1450 to 1750.

Qing imperial portraits or Mexica practice of human sacrifice.

How did cross-cultural interactions result in the diffusion of technology and facilitated changes in patterns of trade and travel from 1450 to 1750?

Scientific learning, and technology from the Classical, Islamic, and Asian worlds spread, facilitating European technological developments and innovation.

Name 3 motivations for state-sponsorship in expansion of maritime exploration from 1450 to 1750.

Gold, God, and Glory.

Give the definition of the Columbian Exchange.

The transfer of people, animals, plants, diseases from the Eastern and Western hemispheres.

What was the main crop in the Brazilian colony of Portugal?

Sugarcane.

Name method rulers used tribute collection, tax farming, and innovative tax-collection systems to generate revenue in order to forward state power and expansion.

Ottoman tax farming, Mughal zamindar tax collection, Mexica tribute lists, Ming practice of collecting taxes in hard currency.

Name two Asian states that sought to limit the disruptive economic and cultural effects of European-dominated long-distance trade by adopting restrictive or isolationist trade policies.

Ming China and Tokugawa Japan.

How did people prevent the establishment of the Justice of the Peace in England from not going unchecked?

The English Bill of Rights, petition to the king, protections from cruel punishments that guaranteed civil liberties to the people.

How did the Spanish took advantage of the Mita system from the Incans?

Enslaved people were forced to work in silver mining for them (Spanish) with no wage.

Give an example resistance by state expansion and centralization from 1450 to 1750 took place under the Pueblo Revolts.

Queen Ana Nzinga’s resistance, Russian Pugachev Rebellion, Indian Maratha conflict with Mughals, Metacom’s/King Philip’s War.

List methods how state legitimized their power from 1450 to 1750.

Mexica/Aztec human sacrifice, European divine right, Chinese Qing imperial portraits, Inca sun temple of Cuzco, Mogul mausolea and mosques, Louis XIV’s Palace of Versailles.