Human Reproductive System and Meiosis

These vocabulary flashcards cover essential terms related to human reproductive anatomy and physiology, focusing on meiosis, ovarian and uterine cycles, and hormonal control.

Gene

A piece of DNA that tells you how to make a protein.

Chromosome

A piece of DNA, humans have 46 chromosomes in total.

Mitosis

A type of cell division that produces two genetically identical cells.

Meiosis

A type of cell division that produces gametes, resulting in four daughter cells with half the number of chromosomes.

Homologous Structures

Structures that start from the same developmental base but diverge and look different.

Fallopian Tubes

The tubes through which ova travel from the ovaries to the uterus.

Oogenesis

The process of egg cell development, which starts during fetal development in females.

Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH)

A hormone produced by the anterior pituitary that stimulates the development of ovarian follicles.

Luteinizing Hormone (LH)

A hormone produced by the anterior pituitary that triggers ovulation.

Estrogen

A group of hormones produced by the ovarian follicles that regulate reproductive functions.

Inhibin

A hormone produced by the ovarian follicles that inhibits the secretion of follicle stimulating hormone.

Zygote

The fertilized egg that undergoes mitosis as it travels to the uterus.

Ovarian Cycle

The series of events in the ovaries that lead to the production of an egg.

Uterine Cycle

The series of events in the uterus preparing for potential implantation of a fertilized egg.

Ovulation

The release of an egg from a mature follicle.

Implantation

The process by which a fertilized egg attaches to the uterine lining.

Gametes

Reproductive cells (sperm and eggs) produced by meiosis.