Stats first quiz

Descriptive Statistics

Describing the data you have.

Inferential Statistics

making statements or judgments about measures you don’t know, using information you have.

Deductive Reasoning

making a statement about the particular, based on knowledge of the whole.

Inductive Reasoning

making a statement about the whole, based on knowledge of the particular

quantitative/numerical data

Variables can be grouped into categories/not numerical

Dichotomous/Binary

2 categories

Multinominal

More than two categories

Quantitative/numerical Data

Levels of meaning to the numbers

Ordinal

Order/ranking is the only meaning

Interval

Equal distances between values, no true zero.

Ratio Scale

vabsolute zero exists; can +, -, x, and divide

discrete variables

Values of variables are only countable. Whole number values.

continuous variables

Values of variables are measurable. Fractions and decimal places

cross sectional data

data collected from many individuals or units at one single point in time

Time series data

collected “over time”; often for just one variable for one subject

panel study data

data on same cross section of subjects collected over time; longitudinal

convenience sample

just your friends, family, or people walking in your neighborhood

simple random sample

Cluster Sample

random selection of the clusters; census of each selected cluster

Stratified Sample

random selection within each strata.