ATI teas science part 1
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22 Terms
What is the nasal cavity used for?
Air is warmed, humidified, and filtered by mucus and hair
What is the pharynx used for?
junction for both food and air
What is the larynx used for?
voice box
What is the trachea used for?
cylinder tube with rings of cartilage that provides support
What prevents food from going into the trachea?
the epiglottis
How many lobes are in the right lung?
3
How many lobes are in the left lung?
2
What are bronchi?
two windpipes that hold the lungs, left bronchi and right bronchi
What are bronchioles?
smaller branches of bronchial airways
What is alveoli?
lots of tiny air sacs of the lungs for rapid gas exchange
In the lungs what is the conducting zone?
transports air from the outside environment to the site of the gas exchange
What is the conducting zone commonly referred to as?
the anatomical dead space since no gas exchange occurs in this area
In the lungs what is the respiratory zone?
structures in the lungs where gas exchange takes place
What is a pH scale?
a measure of how acidic or alkaline a solution is
What is acid?
substances that increase concentration of hydrogen ions (H+)
What is base?
Substances that decrease concentration of hydrogen ions (OH-)
Inspiration is a breathing mechanic, what is the meaning of inspiration?
air drawn into the lungs as the diaphragm muscles and external intercostal muscles contract. The diaphragm pushes down, and thoracic cavity volume increases
Expiration is a breathing mechanic, what is the meaning of expiration?
Air is pushed out from the lungs, diaphragm muscles and external intercostal muscles relax, the diaphragm rises, and thoracic cavity volume decreases
What is perfusion?
delivering blood to the body’s tissues, organs, and cells
What is veentilation?
movement of air in and out of the lungs (breathing)
What is hyperventilation?
pH is basic, fast breathing
high O2 (hyperoxia)
low CO2 (hypocapnia)
What is hypoventilation?
pH is acidic
slow breathing
low O2 (hypoxia)
high CO2 (hypercapnia)