MT632-LEC Summative Exams

Pathology focuses on the functional and metabolic alterations and mechanisms.

FALSE

This cellular structure synthesizes proteins for secretion forms new membranes.

Rough endoplasmic reticulum

Smoking and Drinking are predisposing factors which cannot be controlled.

FALSE

Which of the following carries an amino acid that is incorporated into the growing protein chain

tRNA

This is the physical process of cell division, which divides the cytoplasm of a parental cell into two daughter cells.

Cytokinesis

Each pair of chromosomes is separated into two identical, independent chromosomes. The chromosomes are separated by a structure called the mitotic spindle.

Anaphase

This is the body's response to injury and disease.

Inflammation

Osmosis is the diffusion of water or solvent molecules across a selectively impermeable membrane from a region of higher water concentration to one of lower water concentration.

FALSE

Which of the following is an infectious disease?

Herpes

Children and the elderly are more susceptible to disease than young adults.

TRUE

In exocytosis, membrane-enclosed structures called secretory vesicles that form inside the cell fuse with the plasma membrane and release their contents into the extracellular fluid

TRUE

In exocytosis, materials move into a cell in a vesicle formed from the plasma membrane.

FALSE

This is the number of new cases of a particular disease in the population.

Incidence

Which of the following separates the extracellular fluid from the intracellular fluid?

Cell membrane

Which of the following is the longest part of the cell cycle?

Interphase

This refers to the total number of cases of a disease in a population.

Prevalence

In this phase, the nucleus dissolves and the cell's chromosomes condense and move together, aligning in the center of the dividing cell.

Metaphase

A hypotonic solution has a lower concentration of solutes and a higher concentration of water relative to the cytoplasm of the cell.

TRUE

The cytoplasm of a cell in a hypertonic solution has a lower solute concentration and higher water concentration that the surrounding solution.

TRUE

Health is the state of the organism when it functions optimally without evidence of disease.

TRUE

This is the movement of water and solutes through a membrane or capillary wall by hydrostatic pressure.

Filtration

Immunologic factors is under Extrinsic factors which contribute to the cause of the disease.

FALSE

Signs can be visible and observable to the health care professionals.

TRUE

The process that separates the duplicated genetic material carried in the nucleus of a parent cell into two identical daughter cells.

Telophase

The process by which a cell replicates its chromosomes and then segregates them, producing two identical nuclei in preparation for cell division.

Mitosis

This cellular structure synthesizes CHO, phospholipids, fats & steroids for detoxification.

Smooth endoplasmic reticulum

Which of the following is a non infectious disease?

Mental disorder

Na+ K+ pump is an example of:

Primary active transport

It refers to the initial RNA molecule synthesized, with length equivalent to the full length of the DNA transcribed.

pre-mRNA

The start codon codes for which of the following amino acids

Methionine

Osteon is also known as:

Haversian canal

The shaft of long bones in children has yellow bone marrow while in adult it has red marrow.

FALSE

This Consists of loose connective tissue with collagen and elastic fibers.

Subcutaneous tissue

Which of the following gland is simple coiled tubular gland and open directly onto surface of skin?

Eccrine

This is used to monitor anti resorptive therapies.

C telopeptide

Cyanosis is referred to as blue color caused by decrease in blood oxygen content.

TRUE

Which of the following nail structure is the corneum beneath the free edge?

Hyponychium

Which of the following hormones control the blood calcium levels?

All of these

These are spaces occupied by osteocyte cell body:

Lacunae

This is found in areas subject to pressure or friction such as palms of hands, fingertips, soles of feet.

Thick skin

Where does endochondral ossification takes place?

cartilage

If the mineral is removed, the bone becomes:

too bendable

If the collagen is removed, the bone becomes:

too brittle

Abnormal rotation of the spine resulting in lateral curvature.

Scoliosis

Fontanels are ossified.

FALSE

Which of the following covers the external surface of the bone?

Periosteum

Which of the following layer of dermis is composed of whorls of ridges., touch receptors (Meissner, Pacinian, and Ruffini), free nerve endings sensing pain?

Papillary layer

At what age does epiphyseal plate is ossified becoming the epiphyseal line?

between 12 and 25 years old

Sebaceous glands are the modified apocrine sweat glands that produce milk.

FALSE

Osteocytes are located in lacunae and connective to one other by the canaliculi.

TRUE

Which of the following is the superficial layer of epithelial tissue?

Epidermis

Vellus hair is the body hair on most men and children.

FALSE

This is referred to as the True Skin.

Dermis

Epiphyseal plate is present in juvenile bone which is made up of hyaline cartilage while in adult long bone has epiphyseal line.

TRUE

This is the interconnecting plates of bone which is covered by endosteum.

Trabeculae

Which of the following concentric layers composed bulk of the hair?

Cortex

Where does intramembranous ossification takes place?

connective tissue membrane

Mature bone is also referred to as:

Lamellar bone

This is a double layered connective tissue sheath which covers cartilage except at articulations.

Perichondrium

This is the osteochondral progenitor cell:

Both

Decrease in blood supply causes poor ability to regulate body temperature.

TRUE

This is a yellow pigment from vegetables which accumulates in stratum corneum, in adipose cells of dermis, and in subcutaneous tissue.

Carotene

Stratum corneum contains the keratinocytes that have completely filled with keratin and died

TRUE

Which of the following epidermal layer has limited cell division and contain desmosomes, lamellar bodies, and additional keratin fibers?

Stratum spinosum

Which of the following is the deepest portion of epidermis and single layer which has high mitotic activity and cells become keratinized.

Stratum germinativum