IPS DDS (2)

Tincture

Alcoholic or hydroalcoholic solutions from vegetable materials or from chemical substances:

I & II 

 Elixirs:

I. Are clear, sweetened, hydroalcoholic solutions intended for oral use

II. Can be medicated or non-medicated like syrups

III. Those containing 2-5% alcohol are usually self-preserving

Alcohol as vehicle 

Iodine tincture differs from iodine solution in that the tincture contains:

Spirits

Which of the following solutions contains the highest percentage of alcohol?

III only 

Fleet contains:

I. Sodium borate
II. Sodium chloride
III. Sodium phosphate

Enema

Fleet® is a/an:

I only 

Which of the following phrases describe the elixir dosage form?

I. A homogenous one-phase system

II. The solute is ethyl alcohol

III. The product contains isopropyl preservative

Barium Sulfate enema

An enema used for the diagnostic visualization of the GIT is:

 I, II & III

Syrup, NF is:

I. Simple Syrup

II. Prepared by dissolving 85 g of sucrose in enough purified water to make 100 mL

III. Has a specific gravity of 1.313

Oily

The type of liniment that is applied by massage

Fluidextract

It is known to be a 100% tincture

Xerogel

It is formed when the liquid is removed from a gel and only the framework remains

Both A and B

Characteristics of Salicylic Acid Collodion:

A. Used as corn solvent

B. Used as keratolytic
C. Used to dissolve skin blemishes
D. Both A and B

Clove oil

The main components of toothache drops are:

Nonionic

The HLB system is most applicable for the classification of which surfactants?

Sorbitan monopalmitate

An example of nonionic surfactants would be

Gels

Suspensions in a water medium of insoluble drugs in hydrated form where the particle size approaches or attains colloidal dimensions:

I, II, and III are correct 

A “Shake Well Before Use” label should be affixed to:

I. Bentonite Magma
II. Calamine Lotion

III. Cod Liver Oil Emulsion

Suspensoid

The particle size in a suspension is known as the:

Veegum

Magnesium aluminum silicate is also known as

8-18

HLB value for oil-in-water emulsion

I, II, III

Emulsions offer a number of advantages over other liquid dosage forms. These include:

I. The therapeutic properties and the spreading ability of the constituents are increased

II. Unpleasant taste or odor of oil can be masked partially or wholly

III. The absorption and penetration of medicaments are controlled more easily

I only 

In emulsion terminology, the dispersed phase is referred to as:

I. Internal phase
II. External phase
III. Continuous phase

I and II 

Which of the following can exhibit a reversible sol-to-gel or gel-to-sol transformation?

I. Gels
II. Magmas
III. Lotions

Emulsifying agent

The third component of an emulsion is the

Gum and oil 

The first step in the continental method of preparing emulsions is the combination of

Intravenous

A suspension is NOT a suitable dosage form for what type of injection?

Tweens are lipophilic surfactants

Which of the following is not correct about the HLB System?

A. It is used to classify surfactants.

B. Hydrophilic surfactants form o/w emulsions
C. HLB values of about 8-18 are o/w emulsifiers.
D. Tweens are lipophilic surfactants.

Calamine lotion

The following suspensions can be administered internally EXCEPT:

A. Aluminum Hydroxide Gel

B. Milk of Magnesia
C. Calamine lotion
D. Kaolin Mixture

II only 

Synthetic emulsifying agents are most effective at lowering interfacial tension between the oil and water phase. Examples of these agents include:

I. Veegum

II. Benzalkonium chloride

III. Cholesterol

I, II and III

Correct statements about o/w emulsions include:

I. The oil is available in the form of droplets and is uniformly dispersed in water.

II. May be diluted with water.

III. Preferred type for oral use.

All

Which of the following is an emulsifying agent?

A. Sorbitan monooleate

B. Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monooleate

C. Sodium lauryl sulfate
D. Gum acacia
E. All

Imbibition

It is the taking up of a certain amount of liquid without a measurable increase in size:

Wet the gum with water until a mucilage is formed, then the oil is added gradually.

In the English method of preparing the primary nucleus of an emulsion:

Tween 80

The following are natural types of emulsifying agents except:

A. Tween 80

B. Acacia

C. Agar

D. Gelatin

Small particles

Micromeritics refers to the study of

Anionic

Sodium lauryl sulfate is a/an ____ type of surfactant

Solubility

Adding PEG groups to large molecules will enhance their:

Counterirritant

A lotion containing menthol, camphor, and methyl salicylate is a topical

4:2:1 method 

The dry gum method of preparing emulsions is also known as the

Forbes bottle method

 In preparing volatile substances, what method will be used in preparing an emulsion?

All of the above

An emulsion is considered to be physically unstable if:

A. Dispersed phase upon standing tends to form aggregates of globules

B. Creaming of the emulsion occurs

C. Breaking of the emulsion occurs

D. All of the above

I, II and III 

True statements regarding packaging, labeling, and storage of suspensions include:

I. Packaged in an oversize container to facilitate thorough mixing

II. A “shake well label” must be affixed

III. Must be protected from freezing, excessive heat, and light

Aerosol

A colloidal system consisting of very finely subdivided liquid or solid particles dispersed and surrounded by a gas is called:

I, II, III 

Aerosols offer the advantages of:

I. Portion of medication may be easily drawn from the package without contamination or exposure to the

remaining material

II. Topical medication may be applied in a uniform, thin layer to the skin without touching the affected area

III. Protection of medicinal agents adversely affected by atmospheric oxygen and moisture

Helium

Which of the following gases is NOT used as an aerosol propellant?

A. CFC
B CO2
C. Helium
D. NO

I and III 

Methods of filling aerosols:

I. Cold filling
II. Liquid filling
III. Pressure filling

In asthma therapy

Inhalational aerosols are commonly employed

All of the above

The rate of drug release from an aerosol depends on:

A. The power of a compressed gas to expel contents

B. The type of container

C. The type of drug present

D. All of the above

Proctofoam

All of the following products are inhalational aerosols EXCEPT:

A. Azmacort
B. Proctofoam
C. Ventolin Aerosol
D. Intal Inhaler

Aerosols

Metered-dose inhalers are classified as

Propellant

An agent responsible for developing the pressure within an aerosol container and expelling the product when the valve is opened:

ID

Tuberculin skin testing is administered

I and II 

Large volume parenterals for maintenance therapy are employed for patients:

I. Entering or recovering from surgery

II. Who are unconscious and unable to take fluids, electrolytes, and nutrition orally

III. Who have suffered a heavy loss of fluids and electrolytes such as in diarrhea

Irrigation Solutions

These are sterile solutions intended to bathe or wash wounds, surgical incisions, or body tissues

II and III only 

The quantities of all ingredients present in parenteral solutions must be specified on the label EXCEPT:

I. Antimicrobial preservatives
II. Isotonicity
III. pH adjustor

II and III 

True statements regarding Irrigation and dialysis solutions include:

I. Injected into the vein
II. Generally used in large volumes
III. Sterile Products

Steam sterilization

The method of sterilization conducted in an autoclave is

Humulin R 

The following sterile fluids are classified as large volume parenterals EXCEPT:

A. Ringer’s Injection

B. Humulin R

C. Total Parenteral Nutrition

D. Dextrose 5% Injection

Colored

 Parenteral drug products should possess the following characteristics EXCEPT:

A. Sterilized using either autoclaving, dry heat, or bacterial filtration

B. Isotonic

C. Colored

D. none

I and II 

IV administration is needed when:

I. An immediate action is required
II. An oral administration is ineffective
III. A prolonged action is required

Gas Sterilization

Method of sterilization employed for heat-labile enzyme preparations, catheters, needles, and plastic disposable syringes

II and III 

Pyrogen Testing is conducted using:

I. Spores of Bacillus subtilis
II. Healthy Rabbits
III. Limulus Amebocyte Lysate (LAL)

Mineral Oil

Commonly used fixed oils in injections include all of the following EXCEPT:

A. Corn Oil
B. Peanut Oil
C. Sesame Oil
D. Mineral Oil

Injectable Emulsion 

Propofol, USP is a

Implants

These are solid dosage forms which are designed to be inserted under the skin by special injectors or by surgical incision

Suppository

Which of the following is NOT sterile?

A. Eye drop
B. Implant
C. Parenteral solution
D. Suppository

Subcutaneous

Although isotonicity is desirable for almost all parenterals, it is particularly critical for which injections?

Ophthalmic Solutions

Which of the following solutions should be sterile?

A. Douche
B. Enema
C. Ophthalmic Solutions
D. Tinctures

All parenteral products must be isotonic

Which of the following is NOT TRUE regarding parenteral administration?

A. Once the drug is administered it cannot be retrieved

B. Systemic drug absorption occurs more rapidly than from oral administration

C. It has greater potential health hazard than oral administration

D. All parenteral products must be isotonic

I, II and III

Ringer’s Injection USP contains:

I. Sodium chloride
II. Potassium chloride
III Calcium chloride
IV Sodium lactate

II only

All of the following are true about LVPs EXCEPT:

I. Sterile

II. Packaged In Multiple Dose Containers

III. Do Not Require Preservative

IV. Container Size Has A Maximum Fill Of 1 Liter

Water for injection 

The form of water that is commonly used in the production of parenteral products

Admixture

What is it called when a drug is added to a parenteral solution?

Cefuroxime for Injection, USP

Parenteral preparations are of different types. Which of the following is a dry solid for injection?

A. Propofol USP

B. Imipenem and Cilastatin for Injectable Suspension, USP

C. Methylprednisolone Acetate Suspension, USP

D. Insulin injection, USP

E. Cefuroxime for Injection, USP

0.9% NaCl solution 

Physiological salt solution is

III and IV

Which of the following sterilization methods is/are used for heat-sensitive pharmaceutical preparations?

I. Moist Heat
II. Dry Heat
III. Sterilization by filtration

IV. Gas sterilization

Steam under pressure

Kills all living organisms including spores and viruses:

Bacteriostatic Sterile Water for Injection 

Which of the following diluents is LEAST suitable for reconstituting single-dose vials?

A. N/S injection

B. Bacteriostatic Sterile Water for Injection

C. D5W injection

D. Sterile Water for Injection (SWFI)

Osmotic pressure

For a solution to be isotonic with the blood, it should have the same:

Colorant

Considerations in preparing ophthalmic preparations include the following EXCEPT:

A. Sterility
B. Isotonicity
C. Colorant
D. Preservation
E. Buffering

Increase ocular contact time

The main reason why methylcellulose and similar agents are included in ophthalmic solutions is to:

A. Increase drop size

B. Increase ocular contact time

C. Reduce inflammation of the eye

D. Reduce tearing during instillation of the drops

E. Reduce drop size

Membrane filtration through 0.2 micron filter

The most practical method for sterilizing ophthalmic solution is

I and II 

Purposes of buffering of ophthalmic preparations include:

I. For greater comfort to the eye

II. To enhance drug’s bioavailability

III. Aid in maintaining the drug in contact with the eye tissues

Viscosity is a property of liquids related to the resistance to flow

True statement for viscosity

A. Viscosity is a property of liquids related to the resistance to flow

B. Viscosity is also known as a wetting agent

C. Viscosity renders the eye more stable

D. All

E. None

Inhalant

Drugs or combinations of drugs that by virtue of their high vapor pressure can be carried by an air current to the nasal passages where they exert their effect:

Ocean Mist

Which of the following is a nasal solution?

A. Cerumenex

B. Ocean Mist
C. Benzedrex
D. Lugol’s Solution

Cerumenex

Which of the following is a ear solution?

A. Cerumenex

B. Ocean Mist
C. Benzedrex
D. Lugol’s Solution

Benzedrex

Which of the following is a inhalation solution?

A. Cerumenex

B. Ocean Mist
C. Benzedrex
D. Lugol’s Solution

Inhaler

Inhalation solutions are administered as a fine mist of drug or vapors using the following EXCEPT:

A. Inhaler
B. Vaporizer
C. Humidifier
D. Nebulizer

Cerumenex

Which of the following is an otic solution?

A. Bronkosol
B. Amyl nitrite
C. Eye-Mo
D. Cerumenex

High buffer capacity

Vehicles for nasal medications should possess all of the following properties EXCEPT:

A. An acid pH

B. Isotonicity

C. High buffer capacity
D. Ability to resist the growth of microorganisms

E. All of the above are important

Purified by boiling

Characteristics of water for inhalation include all EXCEPT:

A. Sterile
B. No added substances
C. Purified by boiling
D. Purified by distillation

Syntocinon nasal spray 

A nasal preparation used for initial milk let-down preparation prior to breastfeeding:

I, II and III 

Nasal preparations are employed:

I. As nasal decongestants for prevention and treatment of allergic rhinitis.

II. To restore moisture and relieve dry, congested and inflamed nasal membranes.

III. In the form of nose drops or sprays

I and II only

Characteristics of inhalation aerosol dosage forms include

I. Avoid first pass effect

II. Rapid onset of action

III. Can administer large amount of drugs to intended site

Freezing is required in the storage of biologic

All of the following statements are true regarding biologics EXCEPT:

A. Biologic products must pass control requirements such as potency, sterility, pyrogens, and constituent

materials.

B. Freezing is required in the storage of biologics.

C. Most biologics have an expiration date of a year or longer after the date of manufacture.

D. Biologics are generally administered by injection.

E. Toxoids and Vaccines are biologics for active immunity.

Human immune serum, active immunity

Biologicals can be used to obtain either active or passive immunity. Which one of the following pairs is not

correct?

A. Antiserum, passive immunity

B. Antitoxin, Passive immunity

C. Human immune serum, active immunity
D. Toxoid, Active immunity
E. Vaccine, active immunity

I and III 

Dispensing of radiopharmaceuticals:

I. Typically in unit dose

II. Directly dispensed to the patient

III. With a special label such as “Caution – radioactive material”

I and II only

Techniques used in the development of “biotechnological drugs” include:

I. Gene splicing
II. Preparation of monoclonal antibodies
III. Lyophilization