water treatment (chemistry)

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Chemistry

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6 Terms

1
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Flocculation

Aluminium sulphate added causing particles that are too small to sink to clump together and sink

2
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Sedimentation

Screening of large particles followed by sedimentation of smaller particles

3
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Filtration

Water filtered through sand beds on top of gravel which removes the las of the suspended solids

4
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Additives 1

Chlorine to kill pathogenic bacteria and keeps water bacteria free till it reaches its destination. Too much chlorine makes the water poisonous.

5
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Additives 2

Fluoridation (fluoride) is added to strengthen teeth and prevent tooth decay

6
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pH adjustment

Too acidic may corrode pipes (Pb ions) adjusted by adding Ca(OH)2

Too alkaline adjusted by adding sulphuric acid or CO2

Too hard may be softened by NaCO3