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Limiting Factors of Photosynthesis
Temperature, light intensity and CO2 concentration
What are Thylakoids?
Membranous sacs that do light-dependent reactions
What are photosystems
Pigment/protein complexes in thylakoid membranes that absorb light
Best wavelength for absorption of photosystem II
P680
Best wavelength for absorption of photosystem I
P700
Reaction at Photosystem II
Photolysis of water into oxygen, hydrogen ions and electrons
How is the proton gradient in the thylakoid created?
The photolysis of water at photosytem II
What is chemiosmosis?
The movement of ions across a membrane according to their concentration gradient
Function of Cytochrome
Pumps protons into inner thylakoid
How is ATP produced?
Energy released in the movement of electrons is used to pump hydrogen ions across the membrane from stroma to inner thylakoid, and movement of protons through ATP synthase photo-phosphorylates ATPs
What is the role of NADP?
NADP is an electron carrier that is either oxidized or reduced in photosynthesis.
Role of photosystem I
Reduces NADP (using NADP reductase)
Difference between cyclic and non-cyclic phosphorylation
In cyclic phosphorylation, NADP is not reduced and the electron is recycled to produce ATP
Where does the Calvin Cycle occur?
In the stroma
Role of Rubisco
Fixes carbon from the atmosphere
What reaction does Rubisco catalyze?
3 RuBP (5C) + CO2 → 6GP (3C)
Full name of GP
Glycerate-3-phosphate
Synthesis of Triose Phosphate reaction
6GP (3C) → 6TP (3C)
Function of TP
5 are used to regenerate RuBP, 1 is converted to glucose/other biomolecules
How many turns of the Calvin cycle per one glucose molecule?
6 turns
Relationship between light-dependent and light-independent reactions
Interdependent on each other
