THE SUPREME FINAL GPT CCMA TEST

What is the main purpose of physical therapy?

Improve movement, strength, and mobility.

What is the main purpose of occupational therapy?

Improve daily-living and work skills through activities and adaptations.

What is inpatient care?

Care provided to a patient formally admitted to a hospital or other inpatient facility.

What does obstetrics focus on?

Pregnancy and childbirth.

What does orthopedics focus on?

The musculoskeletal system.

What is an accountable care organization (ACO)?

A group of providers coordinating care and sharing accountability for quality and cost for a defined patient population.

What is palliative care?

Care that relieves symptoms at any serious-illness stage and can accompany disease-directed treatment.

What is value-based payment?

Payment linked partly to quality, outcomes, or cost performance rather than only service volume.

What is capitation?

A set payment per enrolled patient for a defined period and set of services.

What does eu- mean?

Normal or good.

What does peri- mean?

Around.

What does endo- mean?

Within.

What does epi- mean?

On or above.

What does olig/o mean?

Few or scanty.

What does hemi- mean?

Half.

What does -algia mean?

Pain.

What does -otomy mean?

Surgical incision into.

What does -ostomy mean?

Surgical creation of an opening.

What does -scopy mean?

Visual examination using an instrument.

What does -gram mean?

A record or image.

What does -graphy mean?

The process of recording or imaging.

What does -malacia mean?

Softening.

What does -sclerosis mean?

Hardening.

What does -stenosis mean?

Narrowing.

What does -emia mean?

A blood condition.

What does -pnea mean?

Breathing.

What does -rrhea mean?

Flow or discharge.

What does -rrhage mean?

Excessive flow or bleeding.

What does -plegia mean?

Paralysis.

What does -paresis mean?

Weakness or partial paralysis.

What does angi/o mean?

Vessel.

What does arteri/o mean?

Artery.

What does phleb/o mean?

Vein.

What does hemat/o mean?

Blood.

What does thromb/o mean?

Clot.

What does enter/o mean?

Intestine, usually the small intestine.

What does cholecyst/o mean?

Gallbladder.

What does cyst/o mean in urinary terminology?

Urinary bladder.

What does ureter/o mean?

Ureter.

What does urethr/o mean?

Urethra.

What does a ureter do?

Carries urine from a kidney to the bladder.

What does the urethra do?

Carries urine from the bladder to outside the body.

What does myel/o mean?

Spinal cord or bone marrow, depending on the term.

What does ot/o mean?

Ear.

What does hyster/o mean?

Uterus.

What does orch/o mean?

Testis.

What does aden/o mean?

Gland.

What does leuk/o mean?

White.

What does erythr/o mean?

Red.

What does cyan/o mean?

Blue.

What does melan/o mean?

Dark pigment.

What does lip/o mean?

Fat.

What does py/o mean?

Pus.

What does diaphoresis mean?

Sweating, often excessive.

What does emesis mean?

Vomiting.

What does pruritus mean?

Itching.

What does edema mean?

Swelling caused by excess fluid in tissues.

What does erythema mean?

Redness of the skin.

What does ecchymosis mean?

A bruise, caused by bleeding under the skin.

What does epistaxis mean?

A nosebleed.

What does hemoptysis mean?

Coughing up blood.

What does hematemesis mean?

Vomiting blood.

What does melena mean?

Black, tarry stool from digested blood.

What does hematochezia mean?

Visible red or maroon blood passed rectally.

What does dysuria mean?

Pain or burning with urination.

What does paresthesia mean?

An abnormal sensation such as tingling or pins and needles.

What does pallor mean?

Unusual paleness.

What does cyanosis mean?

Bluish discoloration associated with increased deoxygenated hemoglobin; it may be difficult to see in some skin tones.

What does jaundice mean?

Yellowing of skin or sclera from bilirubin accumulation.

What does MRN mean?

Medical record number.

What does SpO2 mean?

Peripheral oxygen saturation estimated by pulse oximetry.

What does CMP mean?

Comprehensive metabolic panel.

What does C&S mean?

Culture and sensitivity/susceptibility testing.

What does PT stand for in coagulation testing?

Prothrombin time.

What does INR stand for?

International normalized ratio.

Which coagulation tests commonly monitor warfarin?

PT/INR.

What does aPTT stand for?

Activated partial thromboplastin time.

What does aPTT assess?

Coagulation; it can monitor unfractionated heparin therapy.

What does A1c measure?

The proportion of glycated hemoglobin, reflecting average glucose over roughly 2 to 3 months.

What does ROM mean?

Range of motion.

What is flexion?

Bending that usually decreases the angle at a joint.

What is abduction?

Movement away from the body's midline.

What is adduction?

Movement toward the body's midline.

What is forearm supination?

Turning the palm forward in anatomical position or upward with the elbow bent.

What is forearm pronation?

Turning the palm backward in anatomical position or downward with the elbow bent.

What is dorsiflexion?

Lifting the foot toward the shin.

What is plantar flexion?

Pointing the toes downward.

What is an indication?

A reason to use a treatment.

What is a contraindication?

A reason to avoid a treatment because of risk.

What is a drug interaction?

A change in a drug's effect caused by another drug, food, supplement, or substance.

What is an additive drug effect?

The combined effect equals the sum of the individual effects.

What is a synergistic drug effect?

The combined effect exceeds the sum of the individual effects.

What is an antagonistic drug effect?

One drug reduces or blocks another drug's effect.

What is pharmacodynamics?

What a drug does to the body, including its effects and mechanisms.

Why can impaired kidney function increase medication risk?

The kidneys are a major route of drug excretion; impairment can cause accumulation and toxicity.

Why can impaired liver function increase medication risk?

The liver is a major site of drug metabolism; impairment can cause accumulation and toxicity.

What is the first-pass effect?

Metabolism in the intestine and liver before an absorbed drug reaches systemic circulation.

What is a drug half-life?

The time required for the amount or concentration of a drug to decrease by approximately half.

What is a drug's therapeutic range?

The concentration range associated with benefit and an acceptable risk of toxicity.

What is polypharmacy?

Use of multiple medications, which can increase interactions, duplication, and adherence problems.