Chapter 9 - Chemical Quantities

Vocabulary terms and definitions covering chemical equations, mole relationships, mass calculations, limiting reactants, and yield from Chapter 9.

Balanced chemical equation

An equation that gives relative numbers (or moles) of reactant and product molecules that participate in a chemical reaction.

Coefficients

The numbers in a balanced equation that give the relative numbers of molecules.

Mole ratio

A conversion factor that allows us to convert from moles of one substance in a balanced equation to moles of a second substance in the same equation.

Stoichiometry

The process of using a balanced chemical equation to determine the relative masses of reactants and products involved in a reaction.

Stoichiometric Mixture

A mixture that contains the relative amounts of reactants that matches the numbers in the balanced chemical equation.

Limiting reactant

The reactant that runs out first and thus limits the amounts of product(s) that can form.

Theoretical Yield

The maximum amount of a given product that can be formed when the limiting reactant is completely consumed.

Actual yield

The amount of product actually produced in a reaction, which is usually less than the theoretical yield.

Percent Yield

The actual amount of a given product expressed as the percentage of the theoretical yield, calculated using the formula: $\text{percent yield} = \frac{\text{Actual yield}}{\text{Theoretical yield}} \times 100\%$.