Chapters 10 & 12 (Observational Learning; Forgetting)

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31 Terms

1
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The text identifies two types of observational learning

social and asocial

2
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There are two kinds of consequences of a model’s behavior

reinforcing and punishing

3
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Generally, the tendency to learn from models

increases with age

4
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The tendency to imitate models even when the modeled behavior is not reinforced is
called

generalized imitation

5
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Observational learning can be defined as a change in behavior due to observing

a model

6
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Imitating irrelevant aspects of a model’s behavior is called

over-imitation

7
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Bandura’s theory relies on four processes

attentional, retentionional, motivational, and motor reproductive

8
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The operant learning model says that observational learning is a variation of

operant learning

9
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some researchers use a ______ condition to study asocial observational learning

ghost

10
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The period between training and testing for forgetting is called the

retention period

11
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Knowledge that is implicit, or cannot be expressed, is known as

non-declarative knowledge

12
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in his studies of nonsense syllables, Ebbinghaus used the

relearning/savings method

13
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DMTS

delayed matching to sampe

14
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John McGeoch argued that forgetting is not caused by

time/passage of time

15
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Practicing a skill even after it is performed without errors is an example of

overlearning

16
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When experiences after training interfere with performance, the effect is called

retroactive interference

17
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Some researchers argue that forgetting is due to a failure of

stimulus control

18
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The research of Elizabeth Loftus and her colleagues raises doubts about the
trustworthiness of

eyewitness testimony

19
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The Russian neuropsychologist Aleksandr Luria studied the man who could not
seem to

forget

20
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what is over imitation

imitate behavior that is irrelevant, unnecessary

21
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unskilled model is also known as

a learning model

22
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why are model characteristics important

induce the observer to attend to the models behavior

23
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two important variables in social observational learning

consequences of models behavior and consequences of observers behavior

24
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how do rewarding consequences affect our decision to imitate successful models

we imitate successful models because we expect rewarding consequences

25
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what is attention

influence of environmental events on behavior

26
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edutainment

fiction to model socially helpful behavior

27
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what is forgetting

deterioration in performance following a period without practice

28
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what is another name for the relearning method

savings method

29
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what learning procedure is paired associate learning

operant procedure, BX followed by either reinforcing or punishing consequence

30
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tactics for reducing forgetting

overlearn, practice with feedback, distribute practice, test yourself, mnemonics, context clues

31
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imitation vs emulation

copy model behavior exactly vs reaching goal of model through different behaviors