IX. byzantine period (328 AD-15th century)

constantinople

in the reign of constantine in 323 AD-15th century after the death of Marcus Aurelius, he buil a NEW CAPITAL FOR THE ROMAN EMPIRE IN BYZANTIUM and called it? greek for city of constantine or nova roma in rome

christianity

after constantine died, empire was divided among his 3 sons and it was plagued with barbarian invasions until theodosius defeated the visigoths. This religion then became the chief religion of the roman world

justinian

reached new power and stability- GOLDEN AGE OF BYZANTINE

islam

this faith also rose alongside christianity

stylized

flat, no depth style of art

sculpture

art form for the interior of churches

illuminated manuscripts

intricate writing by monks and priests. HANDWRITTEN BOOKS, written on vellum decorated with gold or silver, brilliant colors, elaborate designs or miniature pictures

icons

religious images

latin-cross church

the plan of the church developed into the so-called Latin Cross which is the shape of most Western Cathedrals and large churches. The arms of the cross are called the transept.

central-plan church

in eastern europe. could be round or polygonal; developed from roman baths radiated from a central pount

pendentives

an INVERTED CONCAVE TRIANGLE that springs from a CORNER OF THE SQUARE CURVING UP./ inwardly curving triangular sections of vaulting between walls or arches set at right angles

squinch arch

corbel type arches piled on top of another, placed diagonally across the internal angles of a tower or base of a drum to convert the square form into an octagonal base to support an octagonal spire or circular dome

squinches

small single arches built across the corners of a square or polygonal space used to create rounded walls

minarets

slender towers; later addition made by muslim invaders

hand-laid rubble

walls were constructed using the roman method of ______ ; concrete faced with brick or stone or plaster

basilica

formerly a hall of justice redesigned to be a place of worship

martyrium

located in the ambulatories. SANCTUARIES that ENSHRINE A RELIC/TOMB OF A MARTYR

mausoleum

a large tomb, almost temple-like,

baptisteries

used for the sacrament of baptism in separate or adjoined atriums

transept

The ARMS OF THE CROSS in basilica plans are called

church of san vitale

largest OCTAGONAL BUILDING with dome over the central core; used double cushioned capitals.

hagia sophia

'HOLY WISDOM'. built as the MAJOR CATHEDRAL IN CONSTANTINOPLE. commissioned by emperor justinian to mathematicians, ANTHEMIOS of tralles and ISIDORUS of miletus.

hagia sophia

a basilica with a narthex at the west and an altar framed by an apse at the east. the nave is vaulted by a great dome 3m in diameter

hagia sophia

a basilica that also takes the form of a cross with central dome; derived from islamic architecture. has a DOME CROSS PLAN

st. mark's basilica

located in venice; famous for its ONION DOMES

st. basil's cathedral

located in moscow; ordered by tsar ivan the terrible; a centrally planned building with 8 chapels inside. is now a museum. aka The Cathedral of the Intercession of the Virgin by the Moat". red square