Weberian age

1 Weber

multiple factors of inequality

• 3 elements which lead to stratification and inequality

• it snot jus economic like marx say but that some groups have higher levels of status and party(power)

• older and youth tend to be ascribed lower status and power in our society

• low status = these groups are assumed to be less valuable than middle age due to cultural stereotypes

• diff societies think differently about status: china older ppl have the highest status as their culture assumes it brings wisdom and status

• Native American Indians society youth have higher status due to strength

• brit societu youth = inexperienced and elderly = vulnerable meaning lower status

  • class = market position

  • low for youths since they have accumulated job or wealth yet

  • retired ppl also lose position in market since reduced income

• party = power

• lower for elderly bc they hold less positions of power like managers/ TU officials

• youth also unlikely to have high levels of part since haven’t moved up the hierarchy yet

DU Indépendants study on milleniums - youth having lower minimum wage than expected therefore hindering their market position, party and status

1 Weber CA

Marxists

• overcomplicating and deem phasing similarities between wc of all age

• more important to see similarities rather than division such as age between pros

• because once succesufk in uniting they will be successful in revolution

• web criticised for playing into the hands of the bourg and making it too complicated for the pros to understand/ allowing another divide to divide the pros

• marx argues class position is most likely the key to determine peoples levels of status/ party

• youth and older ppl should be seen in terms of their class position which is likely to make them members of the pros

2 barron and norris

dual labour market theory

primary sector: well paid, secure jobs, good prospects, mc dominate

secondary sector: insecure pay, part time/zero hour contracts , no ladder to promotion which is disproportionately filled w young and old

DU ritzet mcjobs where youth are concentrated

• these are secondary labour market and reduce workers satisfaction and are rewarded low status in society

• young ppl suffer lower status/ wages bc they are concentrated in the secondary sector

2 barron and norris CA

NR murray

• weak/ inadequate parenting leads to a culture of dependancy/ poverty within some youth

• the reason for their secondary position is bc they choose low paid/ status/ skilled part tie work or are only suitable for those role s

3 parkin

usurpation and exclusion strategies

• social closure to explain why older people may be blocked from some areas of social life: gaining promotion

• strategies used to create and maintain privileges for certain groups

• exclusion strategy = used by anxious groups in attempts to protect their privileges from new recruits. groups may insist on a certain criteria to prevent people form joining an gaining their priv s

• usurpation strategy = used to try and grab some privs of others eg there’s a campaign at the moment to force the retirement age back so that those who wish to continue working can work beyond 65

DU

Differing minimum wages for under 21s is a exclusion strategy

educational acts and good but yet again a exclusion strat hypothetically as they are preventing youth from getting skills in the work place

voting age under 18 cannot vote in the uk

usurpation example = students on the student union

3 Parkin CA

Davis and Moore

• disagree that youth/eldery are excluded due to social closure strategies

• they say instead that their weaker position in the labour market reflects their lower skill set

• youth don’t have skills to be allocated jobs that involve being responsibly for others and this is hwy they are paid lower jobs rather than being excluded

• aprons disengagement theory

• - older ppl choose to exclude thesleevs rather than being victims of a social closure strategy, elders choose to disengage

4 hutton

divided society 30/30/40

• disadvantage

• marginalised

• privileged: occupied by mc and trad union protected

• these division are creating problems as lots hard been put under permanent stress and insecurity

• very old and young are more likely to be found in the insecure/ disadvantaged marginalised groups

du gig economy 16-30 and more likely to have insecure work 30%

NEETS = bottom part of 30% of society Garrod

CA Hutton

NR

• Hutton blames social structural factors for why young ppl struggle to access secure and well-paid jobs

• nr blame the changing attitudes of the younger gen

• younger ppl are becoming snow flakes, self centred, lacking resilience, over sensitive, making them less desirable candidates for secure, demanding, well paying jobs