de gov - unit 3 test

Someone who lobbies on behalf of their employer as part of their job is ________.

1. an in-house lobbyist

2. a volunteer lobbyist

3. a contract lobbyist

4. a legislative liaison

an in-house lobbyist

How are collective goods different from private goods?

1. Collective goods offer particularized benefits, while private goods are broadly distributed.

2. Collective goods and private goods both offer particularized benefits.

3. Collective goods and private goods both offer broadly distributed benefits.

4. Collective goods offer broadly distributed benefits, while private goods offer particularized benefits.

Collective goods offer broadly distributed benefits, while private goods offer particularized benefits.

Why might several competing corporations join together in an association?

1. because there is often strength in numbers

2. because they often have common issues that may affect an entire industry

3. because they can all benefit from governmental policies

4. all the above

all the above

What type of incentives appeal to someone’s concern about a cause?

1. solidary incentives

2. purposive incentives

3. material incentives

4. negative incentives

purposive incentives

Revolving door laws are designed to do which of the following?

1. prevent lawmakers from utilizing their legislative relationships by becoming lobbyists immediately after leaving office

2. help lawmakers find work after they leave office

3. restrict lobbyists from running for public office

4. all the above

prevent lawmakers from utilizing their legislative relationships by becoming lobbyists immediately after leaving office

What changes have occurred in the lobbying environment over the past three or four decades?

1. There is more professional lobbying.

2. Many interests lobby both the national government and the states.

3. A fragmentation of interests has taken place.

4. all the above

all the above

Which of the following is an aspect of iron triangles?

1. fluid participation among interests

2. a great deal of competition for access to decision-makers

3. a symbiotic relationship among Congressional committees, executive agencies, and interest groups

4. three interest groups that have formed a coalition

a symbiotic relationship among Congressional committees, executive agencies, and interest groups

The Great Compromise successfully resolved differences between ________.

1. large and small states

2. slaveholding and non-slaveholding states

3. the Articles of Confederation and the Constitution

4. the House and the Senate

large and small states

While each state has two senators, members of the House are apportioned ________.

1. according to the state’s geographic size

2. based on the state’s economic size

3. according to the state’s population

4. based on each state’s need

according to the state’s population

Senate races tend to inspire ________.

1. broad discussion of policy issues

2. narrow discussion of specific policy issues

3. less money than House races

4. less media coverage than House races

broad discussion of policy issues

A congressperson who pursued a strict delegate model of representation would seek to ________.

1. legislate in the way they believed constituents wanted, regardless of the anticipated outcome

2. legislate in a way that carefully considered the circumstances and issue so as to reach a solution that is best for everyone

3. legislate in a way that is best for the nation regardless of the costs for the constituents

4. legislate in the way that they think is best for the constituents

legislate in the way they believed constituents wanted, regardless of the anticipated outcome

House leaders are more powerful than Senate leaders because of ________.

1. the majoritarian nature of the House—a majority can run it like a cartel

2. the larger size of the House

3. the constitutional position of the House

4. the State of the Union address being delivered in the House chamber

the majoritarian nature of the House—a majority can run it like a cartel

Stopping a filibuster requires that ________.

1. a majority of senators agree on the bill

2. the speaker steps away from the podium

3. the chamber votes for cloture

4. the Speaker or majority leader intervenes

the chamber votes for cloture

Many at the Continental Congress were skeptical of allowing presidents to be directly elected by the legislature because ________.

1. they were worried about giving the legislature too much power

2. they feared the opportunities created for corruption

3. they knew the weaknesses of an electoral college

4. they worried about subjecting the commander-in-chief to public scrutiny

they feared the opportunities created for corruption

Which of the following is a way George Washington expanded the power of the presidency?

1. He refused to run again after serving two terms.

2. He appointed the heads of various federal departments as his own advisors.

3. He worked with the Senate to draft treaties with foreign countries.

4. He submitted his neutrality proclamation to the Senate for approval.

He appointed the heads of various federal departments as his own advisors

The people who make up the modern president’s cabinet are the heads of the major federal departments and ________.

1. must be confirmed by the Senate

2. once in office are subject to dismissal by the Senate

3. serve two-year terms

4. are selected base on the rules of patronage

must be confirmed by the Senate

President Theodore Roosevelt’s concept of the bully pulpit was the office’s ________.

1. authority to use force, especially military force

2. constitutional power to veto legislation

3. premier position to pressure through public appeal

4. ability to use technology to enhance the voice of the president

premier position to pressure through public appeal

The passage of the Tenure of Office Act of 1867 was just one instance in a long line of ________.

1. struggles for power between the president and the Congress

2. unconstitutional presidential power grabbing

3. impeachment trials

4. arguments over presidential policy

impeachment trials

A very challenging job for new presidents is to ______.

1. move into the White House

2. prepare and deliver their first State of the Union address

3. nominate and gain confirmation for their cabinet and hundreds of other officials

4. prepare their first executive budget

nominate and gain confirmation for their cabinet and hundreds of other officials

The Supreme Court’s power of judicial review ________.

1. is given to it in the original constitution

2. enables it to declare acts of the other branches unconstitutional

3. allows it to hear cases

4. establishes the three-tiered court system

enables it to declare acts of the other branches unconstitutional

The Supreme Court most typically functions as ________.

1. a district court

2. a trial court

3. a court of original jurisdiction

4. an appeals court

an appeals court

Of all the court cases in the United States, the majority are handled ________.

1. by the U.S. Supreme Court

2. at the state level

3. by the circuit courts

4. by the U.S. district courts

at the state level

Both state and federal courts hear matters that involve ________.

1. civil law only

2. criminal law only

3. both civil and criminal law

4. neither civil nor criminal law

both civil and criminal law

Besides the Supreme Court, there are lower courts in the national system called ________.

1. state and federal courts

2. district and circuit courts

3. state and local courts

4. civil and common courts

district and circuit courts

The justices of the Supreme Court are ________.

1. elected by citizens

2. chosen by the Congress

3. confirmed by the president

4. nominated by the president and confirmed by the Senate

nominated by the president and confirmed by the Senate

should federal judges be elected instead of appointed? Be able to support your answer.

Federal judges should not be elected but appointed because appointment helps preserve judicial independence. Judges can make decisions based on the Constitution rather than public opinion or political pressure. If judges were elected, they might be influenced by campaigns, donors, or popular opinion, which could undermine fair and impartial rulings.

What problems exist with the Electoral College?

Smaller states are overrepresented in the electoral college, creating safe states for parties. Also, the outcome can be different from national popular votes and the outcome dealing for college.

Explain how the committees demonstrate a division of labor in Congress based on specialization.

Committees demonstrate division of labor by breaking down workload based on specialization and assigning specific bills to committees that focus on those policy areas.

Why don’t lower-income groups participate more in the interest group system?

It is because lower-income groups usually spend most of their times making money, so they don’t have any free time to donate for the interest group. Also, a lot of them lack the civil skill. They don’t make connections between them being involved in those types of groups and that involvement benefiting themselves.

How might disclosure requirements affect lobbying?

Disclosure requirements make lobbying more transparent by requiring lobbyists to report their activities, spending, and clients. This can limit corruption and increase public accountability but may also discourage some lobbying or push influence into less regulated channels.