facial bones, orbits, mandible, TMJ

chapter 11

_________ are coned shaped in side view

orbits

the outer-edge of orbit is termed ________

base

posterior part of orbit is termed _________

apex

______ corresponds to optic foramen where optic nerves pass through

apex

from a side view, the orbits project upward at how many degrees?

30 degrees

from front view, the orbits come in towards midline at how many degrees?

37 degrees

each orbit is composed of 7 bones:

1. frontal

2. sphenoid

3. ethmoid

4. maxilla

5. zygoma

6. lacrimal

7. palatine

the base of orbit is composed of three bones, what are they?

frontal, zygoma, maxilla

facial bones that up the orbit:

maxilla, zygoma, lacrimal, palatine

cranial bones that make up the orbit:

frontal, sphenoid, ethmoid

how many facial bones?

14 - nasal (2), lacrimal (2), zygoma (2), inferior nasal concha (2), maxilla (2), palatine (2), mandible, vomer

___________ largest, immovable bone in face

maxilla

_________ articulates with 2 cranial bones (frontal and ethmoid) and 7 facial bones (every one except mandible):

maxilla

________ forms lateral part of wall, most of nasal cavity, floor of orbit, ¾ of roof of mouth

maxilla

maxilla and temporal bone meet to make _______________

zygomatic arch

________________ is inferior border of spongy bone that support roots of teeth

alveolar process

______________ is a forward pointed process where 2 alveolar process meet at midline

anterior nasal spine

_____________ superior mid point junction

acanthion

____________ is made up of palatine bone

soft palate

___________ are maxilla bones

hard palate

___________ articulates superiorly with frontal, laterally with zygomatic process of temporal bone, anteriorly with maxilla, and posteriorly with spenoid

zygoma

___________ forms prominent part of cheek, part of side wall and floor of orbit

zygoma

_________ 2 small, thin bones, vary in size and shape per individual

nasal bones

___________ form superior bony wall of nasal cavity (bridge of nose)

nasal

____________ articulate with each other at MSP, superiorly with frontal, posteriorly and superiorly with ethmoid, laterally on each side with maxilla

nasal bones

___________ 2 smallest in the skull, best seen laterally

lacrimal

lacrimal contains ______________

lacrimal foramen

lacrimal foramen are ________________________

where tear ducts come through

____________ articulate with frontal, ethmoid, maxilla, inferior nasal conchae

lacrimal

_____________ are long narrow, thin bones with lateral curls that give a scroll look

nasal conchae

inferior and superior nasal conchae are part of ____________ bone

ethmoid

_____________ extends diagonally and inferiorly from lower 1/3 of lateral walls of nasal cavity

nasal concahe

___________ are L-shaped bones, composed of vertical and horizontal plates

palatine bones

_____________ articulates with maxilla, makes posterior ¼ of bony palate of roof of mouth

horizontal plate

______________ extends upward between maxilla and pterygoid processes of sphenoid, creates posterior nasal cavity

vertical plate

superior tips of vertical plates help form ____________________

posterior medial orbit

_________ is a single bone, thin plate and situated in MSP on floor of nasal cavity

vomer

_________ forms inferior nasal septum

vomer

superior part of nasal septum is formed by __________ bone

ethmoid

superior border of vomer articulates with _______________

sphenoid

superior part of anterior border of vomer articulates with __________________________

perpendicular plate of ethmoid

posterior border of vomer has ________________

no articulations

____________ is the largest, densest bone of face

mandible

____________ of the mandible is curved horizontal portion

body

__________ has 2 vertical portions on each side

ramus

_________ of mandible is where body and ramus meet

angle

__________________ is the most anterior and central part where right and left halves of mandible meet

mandibular symphysis

________________ is the superior border of body of mandible, holds roots of teeth

alveolar process

_______________ is small openings on each side, below 2nd pre-molar

mental foramen

_________________ transmits nerves and blood vessels

mental foramen

_____________ is anterior process on top part of ramus

coronoid process

_______________ is posterior part of ramus

condyloid process

________________ articulates with mandibular fossa of temporal bone to form TMJ

condyloid process

______________ is anterior, triangular prominence

mental prominence

_______________ is concave at top of ramus, on coronoid and condyloid process

mandibular notch

_______________ are fibrous, synarthrodial (immovable)

sutures

_____________ synovial, diarthrodial (freely movable), bicondylar (moves in 2 directions)

TMJ

lateral facial: CR

center to zygoma (halfway b/w outer canthus and EAM)

lateral facial: positioning lines

IPL and IOML perpendicular

lateral nasal: CR

½ inch inferior to nasion

lateral nasal: positioning lines

IPL perpendicular, IOML parallel with transverse axis of IR

lateral orbits: CR

outer canthus

lateral orbits: positioning lines

MSP parallel, IPL perpendicular, IOML parallel

PA axial orbits: CR

exits nasion

PA axial orbits: positioning line

OML perpendicular

PA axial orbits: CR angle

30 degrees caudual

modified waters orbits: CR

perpendicular through mid orbits

modified waters orbits: positioning lines

LML perpendicular, OML forms 55 degree angle with IR

PA mandible: CR

exits acanthion

PA mandible: positioning lines

OML perpendicular

PA axial mandible: CR

exits acanthion

PA axial mandible: positioning lines

OML perpendicular

PA axial mandible: CR angle

20-25 degrees cephalic

axiolateral oblique mandible: CR

mid mandible

axiolateral oblique mandible: CR angle

25 degrees cephalic

axiolateral oblique mandible to view ramus: positioning

true lateral

axiolateral oblique mandible to view body: positioning

rotate head 30 degrees toward IR

axiolateral oblique mandible to view symphysis: positioning

rotate head 45 degrees toward IR

axiolateral oblique TMJ: CR

½ inches superior to upside EAM - rotate skull 15 degrees towards IR

axiolateral oblique TMJ: positioning line

IOML perpendicular

axiolateral oblique TMJ: CR angle

15 degrees caudal

AP axial TMJ: CR

enters 3 inches above nasion

AP axial TMJ: position line

OML perpendicular

AP axial TMJ: CR angle

35 degrees caudal