Digestive System Flashcards

Vocabulary style flashcards for quick review.

Alimentary canal

The liver is not part of the alimentary canal.

Retroperitoneal organs

The duodenum is a retroperitoneal organ.

Esophagus lining

The esophagus is lined with stratified squamous epithelium.

Villi

Villi increase surface area in the small intestine.

Parotid gland

The parotid gland produces only serous fluid.

Muscularis externa in the stomach

The muscularis externa of the stomach includes three layers.

Gastrin

Gastrin stimulates HCl secretion in the stomach.

Paneth cell

The Paneth cell secretes lysozyme in the small intestine.

Portal triad

The portal triad does not include the central vein.

Gallbladder

Bile is stored in the gallbladder.

Splenic vein

The spleen is drained by the splenic vein.

Pelvic splanchnic nerve

The pelvic splanchnic nerve provides parasympathetic innervation to the hindgut.

Submucosal nerve plexus

The submucosal nerve plexus controls gland secretion.

Pepsin

Pepsin breaks down proteins in the stomach.

Filiform papilla

The filiform papilla lacks taste buds.

Transverse colon

The transverse colon is intraperitoneal.

CCK

The duodenal hormone CCK stimulates bile release.

Brunner's glands

Brunner's glands are located in the duodenum.

Pancreas

The pancreas is a retroperitoneal structure.

Colon

The colon absorbs water and electrolytes.

Pyloric sphincter

The pyloric sphincter regulates flow between the stomach and duodenum.

Stomach lining

The stomach lining contains simple columnar epithelium.

Muscularis externa muscle type

Smooth muscle is found in the muscularis externa.

Submucosa

The submucosa contains blood vessels and nerves.

Taenia coli

The taenia coli aids in the formation of haustra.

Ileum

The ileum is not part of the foregut.

Anal valve

The anal valve regulates fecal passage from the rectum to the anus.

Beta cells

Beta cells in the pancreas secrete insulin.

Secretin

Secretin causes pancreatic secretion of bicarbonate.

Hepatic portal vein

The hepatic portal vein carries nutrient-rich blood to the liver.

Hepatopancreatic ampulla

The hepatopancreatic ampulla merges bile and pancreatic ducts.

Descending colon

The descending colon comes after the transverse colon.

Fauces

The fauces is located between the oral cavity and oropharynx.

Parietal cell

The parietal cell in the stomach secretes HCl.

Sinusoidal capillaries

Sinusoidal capillaries run between hepatocytes in liver lobules.

Vagus nerve

The vagus nerve provides parasympathetic innervation to the foregut and midgut.

Lacteals

Lacteals are lymphatic ducts that absorb fats.

Bile canaliculi

Bile canaliculi drain bile from hepatocytes.

Large intestine

Goblet cells are most abundant in the large intestine.

Peyer's patches

Peyer's patches are found in the ileum.

Gastric pits

Gastric pits in the stomach secrete mucus.

External anal sphincter

The external anal sphincter is under voluntary control.

Falciform ligament

The falciform ligament attaches the liver to the abdominal wall.

Sigmoid mesocolon

The mesentery of the sigmoid colon is called the sigmoid mesocolon.

Mesentery proper

The jejunum is suspended by the mesentery proper.

Sympathetic nervous system

The sympathetic nervous system slows GI motility.

Head of pancreas

The head of the pancreas is nestled into the duodenum.

Rectum

The rectum lies anterior to the sacrum.

Superior mesenteric vein

The superior mesenteric vein drains the midgut.

Cardia of stomach

The cardia is the portion of the stomach closest to the esophagus.