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As you go across a period what happens to reactivity
reactivity decreases because there are more [protons which means that there is a bigger attraction.
as you go across a period what happens to the elements
The size of the atom decreases because their are more protons.
For metals when you go down a group what happens
the size of the atom increases because their are more shells
is a compound a pure substance
Yes a compound is a pure substance
the attraction between a ion and a compound forms what
anions
What are covalent bonds?
a chemical bond that involves the sharing of electron pairs between atoms
What are ionic compounds
formed from metals and non metals
What are Isotopes.
Isotopes are atoms of the same element that have a different mass because electrons have no mass it has a different number of neutrons. Like a fat twin.
What are molecular compounds
compounds formed from two or more nonmetals
What are molecules?
atoms bonded together by covalent bonding.
What are the 7 diatomic elements?
H.O.F.Br.I.N.C.l
what do cations bond to
anions
what do molecular compounds form
compounds without metals
what does neutral mean
have an equal number of protons and protons.
What happens to the reactivity as you go down a group
the reactivity increases because the atom is bigger which means that there is less attraction between protons and valence electrons
what is a compound.
2 or more elements chemically combined
What is an alloy
a MIXTURE of 2 metals
what is an anion
A negatively charged ion
What is an cation?
A positively charged ion (metal)
What is an Ion
A charged atom
What is an Ionic compound
a metal and non metal this also completes both valence shells by giving not sharing
What is an molecular compound
2 non metals completes valence shell by sharing
What is the octete rule?
when a element fills there outer shell
When you have covalent bonds what order do you do it in.
the element that needs the most amount of electrons in the middle and add the ones that need the least at the end.
where are anions on the periodic table
right side
where are cations on the periodic table
left side
why are the diatomic elements special?
they can not be alone
why is an alloy good
takes the best qualities of both metals and combines them into one.
4 ways nitrogen is fixed
Lightning (turns 5% into nitrates), Nitrifying bacteria, Soil bacteria and Man-made
how are nutrients recycled
air, land,water, and living organisms
how do humans get their carbon and in what form
in the form of glucose and we get it by eating other organisms.
how is carbon found in the atmosphere
co2
How is CO2 put back into the atmosphere?
respiration, burning of fossil fuels, volcanoes, anything burning, weathering
what do decomposers do in the carbon cycle
return the co2 back into the atmosphere.
what do humans need carbon for
cell growth, cell repair, energy
what do producers turn co2 into
glucose
What does de-nitrifying bacteria do?
it unfixes bacteria and returns it to the atmposphere.
What is nitrogen used for
Cellular reproduction, DNA, and Proteins
what is the word equation for cellular respiration
glucose + oxygen --> carbon dioxide + water + energy
What is the word equation for photosynthesis?
Carbon dioxide + water + Energy--> glucose + oxygen
why do nutrients have to be recycled
because if they did not there would be none left
Substances with electrons that move easily are called
Conductors
Substances with electrons that can not move easily are called
insulators
Objects with = number of protons and electrons have a…
neutral charge
Objects that gain electrons get
- charge
Objects that lose electrons have a
+ charge
What is Friction
rubbing 2 insulators together
What Happens to the electrons during friction
transfering of electrons between two neutral objects
What happens when a neutral object is touched with a charged object.
When a charged object touches a neutral object electrons move from the object with more electrons (from more to less). Objects end up having the same charges
how can an electroscope can be used to detect charge.
electroscope detects charges by contact or induction, leaves will spread or go closer together.
Define electrical discharge
When electrons move to or from a statically charged object all at once this is called electrical discharge
Describe the process of grounding and state its importance
Connecting an object to the ground. We do this to keep things neutral. It always involves conductors
Define current electricity
When electrons are made to flow through conductors (wires) in a controlled manner this is called current electricity.
Identify the positive and negative terminals of a battery
Identify the positive and negative terminals of a battery
What is the symbol for resistance
Ω
What can affect resistance
Diameter, Length, Temperature, Material
What is a series circuit
has only 1 way for the electrons to flow
Parallel circuit
more than 1 way for electrons to flow.
Which picture is seires
Which Picture is Paralel
Nitrogen Cycle
Carbon Cycle
Food Web
+, - charged balloon with wall
Negative rod and electroscope
group 1 metals are called
alkali metals
group 2 metals are called
alkaline earth metals
group 3 metals are called
hallogens
group 4 metals are called
noble gasses
Note
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