GLTHS Accessibility Flashcards

What is web accessibility?

Web accessibility means that websites, tools, and technologies are designed and developed so that people with disabilities can use them. More specifically, people can:

• Perceive, understand, navigate, and interact with the Web
• Contribute to the Web

Why is web accessibility important?

Web accessibility is essential for people with disabilities and useful for everyone. It supports social inclusion for people with disabilities as well as others, such as older people, people in rural areas, and people in developing countries.

What are the main principles of web accessibility (POUR)?

• Perceivable: Information and user interface components must be presentable to users in ways they can perceive.
• Operable: User interface components and navigation must be operable.
• Understandable: Information and the operation of the user interface must be understandable.
• Robust: Content must be robust enough that it can be interpreted reliably by a wide variety of user agents, including assistive technologies.

What are some examples of web accessibility barriers?

• Images without alternative text
• Poor color contrast
• Lack of keyboard navigation
• Inconsistent navigation
• Complex or unclear content
• Missing form labels

What is web accessibility?

Web accessibility means that websites, tools, and technologies are designed and developed so that people with disabilities can use them. More specifically, people can:

• Perceive, understand, navigate, and interact with the Web
• Contribute to the Web

Why is web accessibility important?

Web accessibility is essential for people with disabilities and useful for everyone. It supports social inclusion for people with disabilities as well as others, such as older people, people in rural areas, and people in developing countries.

What are the main principles of web accessibility (POUR)?

• Perceivable: Information and user interface components must be presentable to users in ways they can perceive.
• Operable: User interface components and navigation must be operable.
• Understandable: Information and the operation of the user interface must be understandable.
• Robust: Content must be robust enough that it can be interpreted reliably by a wide variety of user agents, including assistive technologies.

What are some examples of web accessibility barriers?

• Images without alternative text
• Poor color contrast
• Lack of keyboard navigation
• Inconsistent navigation
• Complex or unclear content
• Missing form labels

What are some benefits of web accessibility?

• Improved search engine optimization (SEO)
• Wider audience reach
• Better user experience for all users
• Increased social responsibility
• Legal compliance

What is Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG)?

WCAG is developed through the W3C process in cooperation with individuals and organizations around the world, with the goal of providing a single shared standard for web content accessibility that meets the needs of individuals, organizations, and governments internationally.

What is the latest version of WCAG?

The latest version is WCAG 2.1. It includes success criteria that address issues for people with disabilities.

What is Section 508?

Section 508 requires that all electronic and information technology developed, procured, maintained, or used by the federal government be accessible to people with disabilities.

What are some key aspects of WCAG?

• Text alternatives for non-text content
• Captions and other alternatives for multimedia
• Content structure and markup
• Keyboard accessibility
• Sufficient time to read and use content
• Seizure avoidance
• Navigability
• Readability

What is the ADA?

The Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) is a civil rights law that prohibits discrimination based on disability. While it doesn't specifically address web accessibility, courts have interpreted it to apply to websites as places of public accommodation.

What are assistive technologies?

Assistive technologies are tools that people with disabilities use to interact with computers and the Web. They include screen readers, screen magnifiers, speech recognition software, and alternative input devices.

What is a screen reader?

A screen reader is a software program that allows blind or visually impaired users to read the text that is displayed on the computer screen with a speech synthesizer or braille display.

What is alternative text (alt text)?

Alternative text (alt text) is descriptive text that provides information about the content of an image. It is important for people who cannot see the image.

What is keyboard navigation?

Keyboard navigation allows users to navigate and interact with a website using only the keyboard.

What is semantic HTML?

Semantic HTML uses HTML elements to convey the meaning and structure of content, rather than just its appearance. This helps assistive technologies and search engines understand the content.

What is ARIA?

ARIA provides a way to make web content more accessible to people with disabilities by adding semantic information to HTML elements.

What is color contrast?

Color contrast is the difference in luminance or color that makes an object (or its representation in an image or display) distinguishable. Sufficient color contrast is essential for people with low vision.

What are captions?

Captions are transcriptions or translations of the audio portion of a video or multimedia presentation. They allow deaf and hard-of-hearing individuals to understand the content.

What are transcripts?

Transcripts are text versions of audio content. They are useful for people who are deaf or hard of hearing, as well as those who prefer to read rather than listen.

What is a focus indicator?

A focus indicator is a visual outline or highlighting that appears around an element when it has keyboard focus. It helps users see where they are on the page.

Why are form labels important?

Forms should have clear and descriptive labels that tell users what information is expected in each field.

What makes a good error message?

Error messages should be clear, concise, and informative, telling users what went wrong and how to fix it.

Why is consistent navigation important?

Consistent navigation helps users find what they are looking for and understand where they are on the site.

What is a sitemap?

A sitemap is a list of all the pages on a website. It can help users and search engines find content.

Why is it important to test with assistive technologies?

Testing with assistive technologies is essential to ensure that a website is accessible to people with disabilities.

What are automated accessibility testing tools

Automated accessibility testing tools can help identify some accessibility issues, but they cannot find all problems. Manual testing is also necessary.