Table 2-8. Immunoassays and Molecular Techniques for Parasitic Diseases

Bentonite flocculation

BF

card agglutination

CA

complement fixation

CF

direct fluorescent antibody

DFA

enzyme immunoassay

EIA

immunoblot

IB

indirect hemagglutination

IHA

indirect fluorescent antibody

IFA

latex agglutination

LA

polymerase chain reaction

PCR

immunochromatographic cartridge

Rapid

antigen: no

antibody: CA, IFA

molecular: PCR

African trypanosomiasis

antigen: EIA, IFA

antibody: EIA, IHA

molecular: PCR

Amebiasis

antigen: no

antibody: IFA

molecular: PCR

Babesiosis

antigen: no

antibody: CF, EIA, IFA

molecular: PCR

Chagas’ Disease

antigen: DFA, EIA, IFA, Rapid

antibody: no

molecular: PCR

Cryptosporidiosis

antigen: no

antibody: EIA, IB

molecular: no

Cysticercosis

antigen: no

antibody: EIA, IB

molecular: no

Echinococcosis

antigen: no

antibody: EIA, IB

molecular: no

Fascioliasis

antigen: Rapid

antibody: EIA

molecular: no

Filariasis

antigen: DFA, EIA, Rapid

antibody: no

molecular: PCR

Giardiasis

antigen: Rapid

antibody: EIA, IFA

molecular: PCR

Leishmaniasis

antigen: Rapid

antibody: IFA

molecular: PCR

Malaria

antigen: IFA

antibody: none

molecular: none

Microsporidiosis

antigen: no

antibody: EIA, IB

molecular: no

Paragonimiasis

antigen: EIA

antibody: EIA, IB

molecular: no

Schistosomiasis

antigen: no

antibody: EIA

molecular: no

Strongyloidiasis

antigen: no

antibody: EIA

molecular: no

Toxocariasis

antigen: no

antibody: EIA, IFA, LA

molecular: PCR

Toxoplasmosis

antigen: no

antibody: BF, EIA

molecular: no

Trichinellosis

antigen: DFA, LA, Rapid

antibody: no

molecular: DNA probe

Trichomoniasis