CompTIA Tech+ Study Guide 2

Scripting language.

What type of programming language is typically the QUICKEST for writing ad hoc programs?

HTML defines how data is displayed, XML defines data.

Which of these statements is accurate?

Be divided into reusable components.

What is the primary purpose of using a function in programming to enable programs?

Java.

Which one of these is a programming language that is compiled?

$Cities[2].Name.

What is the CORRECT way to reference the Name property of the third element in an array called Cities, within a code snippet?

Branching.

What is the BEST technique that describes a program performing an operation multiple times only if the user input is correct among the following options?

Assembly language.

Which computer language is most similar to machine code?

Developing pseudocode.

What is the term used to describe the process in which a developer is drafting the logic of the code while creating a program?

Python.

Which of these programming languages are generally considered to be interpreted rather than compiled?

WHILE

Which programming structure would you use to run a statement repeatedly for a total of 100 times?

IF statement.

If a programmer is developing a program that relies on user input to make decisions and has opted to use a branching statement, what would be the MOST appropriate command for the programmer to use?

Array.

What would be the most suitable option for a developer who wants to store the months of a year while prioritizing performance?

Loop through the array.

Which option is the MOST suitable approach for handling a lengthy list of products stored in an array variable in your software code?

Constant.

What programming concept involves a named item that retains a fixed value?

Attribute.

Which programming concept is represented by the ability of a boss object to jump, as created by a game developer during game development?

Array.

The provided code creates a variable. What is the variable type? $stock codes="MSFT", "APPL", "GOOGL"

A constant is being declared.

What action is being performed in the code snippet below? Set-Variable -Name hourly wage_Value 17.99 -Option ReadOnly

Interpreted.

What is the MOST likely programming language type for a web developer to use in creating a website?

If

Which programming construct is the MOST suitable to use when a program needs to select between apples, oranges, or bananas based on an input?

Assembly languages.

Which one of these options resembles machine language the most?

Algorithm.

Which of the following terms describes the process of a developer creating conditional statements and step-by-step instructions that will be used by a computer program to solve problems?

If category id =1 then 'Fruit' Else if category id =2 then 'Vegetables' Else 'Candy'

Which of the following code statements would be the most effective in correcting an issue where a developer is troubleshooting code in an application that is expected to return the word "vegetables" only if the category ID is 2, but is instead returning "vegetables" for all values except category ID 1?

The delete property is being run against the object.

Which options below best represent this programming code example? $object1.Delete()

Array.

What is the suitable way to store a series of strings among the following options?

Function.

Code reuse is enabled with what computer programming?

Variable.

If a developer named Jude needs to store a number that changes throughout the duration of the program's execution, which of the following options would be the MOST likely for him to use?

Python.

What is an example of an interpreted language from the following options?

Performing mathematical calculations.

What is the BEST description of the purpose of a vector in programming?

Social engineering attack.

What type of security threat is represented by a phone call to Stacey asking for her password to troubleshoot a problem?

Ransomware.

Erin is browsing the internet when a threatening message suddenly appears on her screen, demanding payment. The message warns that if she does not pay, the software will disable her system. What type of malware has infected Erin's computer?

Using special characters, Limiting password reuse.

Amadine discovers which of these choices while examining the company's password best practices policies?

Power outages.

What are the potential hazards that a UPS can protect against?

Phishing.

What type of security threat occurred when Mia received an email message from an unauthorized source requesting her username and password?

OEM website.

Where can Thomas locate the most recent firmware for her new laptop?

Off-site storage of data.

Which safety features do cloud-based backups offer?

Customer date of birth.

What is an instance of information an office would ask employees to handle in a sensitive manner?

People.

What is the LEAST secure aspect of an organization's security posture?

Shoulder surfing.

What is the term that best describes the potentially malicious behavior when Michael is entering his phone PIN code and one of his co-workers is standing close enough to see the numbers?

TLS (Transport Layer Security)

How can a technician mitigate the risk of sensitive data being intercepted and viewed during a MITM attack?

TLS (Transport Layer Security)

a security protocol that encrypts data sent between devices over a network, helping protect sensitive information from being intercepted, viewed, or altered by unauthorized parties.

Password reuse

A user has learned that her password for a social media website has been breached. She tells a friend that her email and banking accounts are likely to be compromised as well. What is the most likely activity that the user has engaged in?

Prioritization

What is an example of a company prioritizing the recovery of customer data before operational data in a disaster recovery exercise?

Disk

What type of encryption would provide the highest level of protection for a laptop computer in case it gets stolen, among the following options?

Dumpster diving

Which of the following security issues can compromise confidentiality?

How could Cynthia explain ransomware to her boss?

Ransomware is a type of malicious software that infects a computer system and restricts access to its files and data, typically by encrypting them. The attacker then demands payment in exchange for a decryption key to restore access to the affected data.

RAM flushed the data when the power went out

After a power outage occurred while Dana was working on her term paper in Microsoft Word, she restarted her computer and opened Word to find that her paper was missing. What could be the reason for this unexpected disappearance?

Host firewall

In order to verify whether port 3389 is open for remote desktop on a PC, which of the following options should the user choose to perform this task?

Configure prompting before downloading content

Which of the following settings can be used to prevent malware infections caused by browsing websites on the Internet?

Update the malware definitions, Quarantine the network

What security measures would be most effective in addressing a worm infection in a network, from the options provided below?

Password lockout

Which of the following best practices would be MOST beneficial for a web developer to implement in order to prevent brute-force attacks on a new web application?

Pop-up ads appearing frequently and unexpectedly

What is the sign that a computer has been infected with adware?

Place a writable replica in the cloud-based data tier, Place a readable replica on-premises

What is the best approach to meet the needs of a scenario where a company's cloud-hosted website uses a database to store product documentation, with the web server and database server on different networks and employees creating and updating product documents that are available through the website?

Medical records

Which of the following is the MOST possible to be regarded as private personal information that needs to be kept confidential?

Integrity concerns

Before downloading an update for an important system, an IT administrator performs a hash of the download to confirm that the results are consistent with the published hash for the file. What is this called?

Email service outage

What is the issue that the CEO is facing as a result of receiving multiple emails that do not have attachments?

Log out of any website when she finishes, Select No when prompted to save password at websites, Use strong passwords

What measures can Alma take to increase her safety when using one of the computers at a public library?

Behavior security

What type of network security involves analyzing deviations from historical connection patterns and identifying new threats in order to implement effective mitigation responses?

Authentication

This is an instance of which of the following concepts, where new applicants are required to provide a scan of their retinas to address any potential legal issues regarding their application in the future?

Wired

Which of the following technologies offers the HIGHEST level of security?

Download them from the manufacturer's web site

A year ago, Ken bought an advanced video-editing card that functioned well, but it caused his computer to crash on occasion. Recently, online forums for video-editing users have been abuzz with news that the latest drivers can unlock features that were previously unavailable with the original drivers. What should Ken do?

To prevent someone from guessing them

What is a rationale for requiring complex passwords?

To ensure data availability, To ensure data stability

What are the reasons to create data backups for a business?

A security method of allowing connections

Before allowing employees to access a server remotely from both the company network and the Internet, what is the MOST important factor to determine for a small company?

Single-factor authentication

What is the term for when a user accesses a laptop by entering a complex password along with a username?

RAID storage, Uninterruptible power supplies

Which of the following examples BEST represents the fault tolerance practices commonly used in business continuity planning?

HTTPS

Which protocol should Patricia use to access the website of a prominent financial services company and download the information she needs for her taxes?

Reusing credentials

Tamara wonders what common security error can result in multiple accounts getting compromised, after discovering that her Facebook, email, and Twitter accounts have been hacked. Which one is the answer?

The website has been infected with malware

It's probable that James encountered an issue when he visited a highly regarded news website, where he was unexpectedly bombarded with multiple pop-up ads. Additionally, the website's performance was slow, which further worsened the situation. What is the issue here?

Eavesdropping

Which of the following is primarily associated with worries regarding the protection of private information?

File

To secure data on a computer that is shared by multiple users, which encryption method among the following options would be MOST suitable?

Passwords history, Password complexity

The IT department is enforcing a new password policy for employees that involves the following rules: Prohibition of common words in passwords, Inclusion of at least one special character in passwords, Mandating passwords to be different from the previous six ones used, Requiring passwords to contain at least one uppercase letter or numeral. Which TWO procedures are being put into practice?

Fault tolerance

Which of the following business continuity concepts is illustrated by a systems administrator setting up a new server using RAID technology, where the data is stored on another drive if one hard drive in the array fails, preventing data loss?

Password, Software token

What method should the security administrator adopt to create the authentication process while implementing multi-factor authentication for a cloud application?

Full disk encryption

What is the BEST way to ensure the safety of data on a laptop in case it is lost or stolen?

Drive-by downloads

Oberlin's anti-malware software detects a virus on the thumb drive he used on one of the public kiosks to transfer files during a conference in Philadelphia. In this scenario, what is the most probable reason for the virus infection?

Sending emails and pictures to a close relative

Which of the following scenarios would typically involve an expectation of privacy?

Guest

Marta's new roommate, Emily, wants to use Marta's computer to browse the internet and check the latest updates on Buzzfeed. Which type of account should Marta grant Emily access to, so that Emily can only browse the web and not perform any other activities on the computer?

Ransomware

What category of malware is known for blocking users' access to their data and requesting a ransom payment for its release?

Fully encrypting the hard drive

Severus, an employee, has left his laptop at the airport and is concerned about the possibility of unauthorized access to his data. What measures can be taken to prevent data theft?

Enable an audit log

What is the MOST appropriate course of action for a security administrator who is incorporating accounting capabilities into a web application?

Verify the backup

Once Jackie has finished backing up her data and wants to adhere to best practices, what should be her next course of action?

FTPS, HTTPS

What network protocols listed below are considered secure?

Phishing

Which of the following options best describes the security threat when someone like Paul receives an email that appears to be from his bank, requesting him to verify the name, address, and Social Security number associated with his bank account?

Password expiration

How can a user mitigate the risk of their accounts on other websites being affected by a recent breach of a large payment website, by following which password best practice?

Password compromise would allow access to all of the systems

What is the most significant risk associated with using the same password to access multiple systems, given that a user has been advised to use distinct passwords for each system?

Enabling encryption

What measure should be taken to secure the data in transit between a device and the router when a technician is setting up a wireless router for a home user?

Automatic updates

Scarlet is worried about the possible harm caused by malware on the internet and wants to guarantee the safety of her new computer. What settings should she implement on the operating system, such as updates and other security protocols, to ensure its security?

Role-based access control

What is the authorization technique that assigns permissions and grants access based on job title or function among the following options?

Verifying ensures good data in the backup. Verifying is about data integrity

Ada explains the backup process steps, emphasizing the significance of verifying the backup. What is the reason for this step's importance?

Written policy

What is the most appropriate method for a company to document the change of allowing staff to work from home by formal request?

RF

Which of the following wireless technologies is the MOST probable means of providing internet connectivity in a mobile phone?

RF

A wireless technology that uses radio waves to transmit data through the air.

Make a VPN connection to the office and install the software

If you are traveling for work with a laptop issued by your workplace and need to install an application that is only available on the work network, what steps should you take?

Patching

Which action is the MOST effective in preventing a malware infection caused by a compromised file sent through email?

The computer has too many toolbars downloaded and installed

What could be the reason for a browser to only display plug-ins and search bars, failing to display a web page?

Host-based firewall

What is the MOST effective way to ensure that Telnet access is disabled?

Social Security Number (SSN)

Which type of personally identifiable information (PI) should be given the highest level of protection among the options listed below?

Password complexity

Which of the following recommended actions should Anya take to ensure that her login credentials cannot be exploited to access all her accounts, in case they are compromised?

Smart card and PIN

Which of the following option is an instance of multifactor authentication?