KINS 4400 Set 4

biofeedback

giving a person info about their ongling biological functions

examples of bio feedback

hr, HRV (hr variation), breathing rate, EMG, EEG

why use biofeedback?

extra info about biological processes may improve performance

general biofeedback approach

find the biological state during the best performances → train athlete to reproduce it

neurofeedback

biofeedback using brain-related EEG info

EEG

measures electrical activity of the brain

EEG neurons

mainly reflects synchronized activity of millions of similarly oriented cortex neurons

thalamocortical neurons

can strongly influence EEG activity

EEG limitation

uneven cortex surface makes interpretation more difficult

delta

< 3 Hz - associated with sleep

theta

3-7 Hz

alpha

8-12 Hz

beta

>12 Hz

EEG power

Magnitude of the EEG signal; reflects synchrony of nerve firing

Fz

frontal midline EEG site

10-20 system

traditional EEG electrode placement system

putting + EEG

better putting was associated with reduced frontal alpha power

putting correlation

alpha-power change at Fz strongly correlated with putting error (r=0.78)

shooting performance

reduced EEG-alpha power was consistently measured before shots

temporal lobes

involved in memory and spatial awareness; contains hippocampus

best vs worst shots

before best shots, EEG power was lower in 3 frequency bands in the left hemisphere

archery EEG

left and right temporal EEG measured before shots

archery biofeedback exepriment

athletes were trained to reduce alpha EEG before shooting

neurofeedback results

early research showed possible performance benefits

neurofeedback evidence

promising, but evidence was considered insufficient due to limited research

stroke rehab

biofeedback can provide movement/performance feedback during rehab

EMG biofeedback

auditory calf EMG biofeedback was used after the stroke

stroke results

increased peak ankle power, gait velocity, and stride length

lower limb rehab meta analysis

biofeedback improved lower-limb activities in short term

hr biofeedback

people were taught to keep hr as low as possible during exercise

hr feedback system

digital hr display + lights showing hr changes

cv response to exercise

some cardiovascular adjustments can be learned behaviors

heart benefit

exercise benefits could occur with reduced rate pressure product

exercise tachycardia

learned ability to reduce the hr increase during exercise

monkey experiment

tested brain mechanism involved in learned hr control

brain area involved

anterior cingulate cortex → thalamus → brain stem → cardiovascular control center

takeaway

biofeedback is promising for sport performance and rehab

wearables

feedback from wearables may slightly increase physical activity and moderately increase steps