Thẻ ghi nhớ: SWD392 FPT AI EZ 9+ | Quizlet

What is software modeling?

(a) Developing models of software.

(b) Designing software applications before coding.

(c) Developing software diagrams.

(d) Developing software prototypes

b

What is the Unified Modeling Language?

(a) A programming language for describing object-oriented models.

(b) A diagramming tool for drawing object-oriented models.

(c) A graphical language for describing object-oriented models.

(d) A standardized graphical language and notation for describing object-oriented models

d

What is a software architecture?

(a) The software inside a building.

(b) The structure of a client/server system.

(c) The overall structure of a software system.

(d) The software classes and their relationships

c

What is a software design notation?

(a) Notes about the software design.

(b) A graphical or textual description of the software.

(c) Documentation of the software.

(d) A systematic approach for producing a design

b

What is a software design concept?

(a) A graphical or textual description of the software.

(b) Documentation of the software.

(c) A fundamental idea that can be applied to designing a system.

(d) A systematic approach for producing a design

c

What is a software design strategy?

(a) A graphical or textual description of the software.

(b) A fundamental idea that can be applied to designing a system.

(c) A systematic approach for producing a design.

(d) An overall plan and direction for developing a design

d

What are software structuring criteria?

(a) Fundamental ideas that can be applied to designing a system.

(b) Systematic approaches for producing a design.

(c) Guidelines used to help in structuring a software system into its components.

(d) Overall plans for developing a design

c

What is a software design method?

(a) A systematic approach for producing a design.

(b) Guidelines used to help in structuring a software system into its components.

(c) An overall plan for developing a design.

(d) A graphical or textual description of the software

a

What is a platform-independent model (PIM)?

(a) A software platform before a commitment is made to a specific hardware platform.

(b) A precise model of the software architecture before a commitment is made to a specific platform.

(c) A precise model of the software architecture mapped to a specific platform.

(d) A graphical or textual description of the software

b

What is a platform-specific model (PSM)?

(a) A specific hardware platform.

(b) A precise model of the software architecture before a commitment is made to a specific platform.

(c) A precise model of the software architecture mapped to a specific platform.

(d) A graphical or textual description of the software

c

How is an actor depicted on a use case diagram?

(a) An oval

(b) A stick figure

(c) A box

(d) A dashed line

b

How is a use case depicted on a use case diagram?

(a) An oval

(b) A stick figure

(c) A box

(d) A dashed line

a

How is a class depicted on a class diagram?

(a) A box with one compartment

(b) A box with one or two compartments

(c) A box with one, two, or three compartments

(d) An oval

c

How is an association depicted on a class diagram?

(a) A solid line joining two class boxes

(b) A dashed line joining two class boxes

(c) A diamond touching the upper class box

(d) An arrowhead touching the upper class box

a

How is public visibility depicted for a class element on a class diagram?

(a) + sign

(b) − sign

(c) # sign

(d) ∗sign

a

What are the two kinds of UML interaction diagrams?

(a) Class diagram and sequence diagram

(b) Sequence diagram and communication diagram

(c) Class diagram and communication diagram

(d) Statechart and communication diagram

b

What does an interaction diagram depict?

(a) Objects and links

(b) Classes and relationships

(c) Objects and messages

(d) States and events

c

What does a statechart diagram depict?

(a) Objects and links

(b) Classes and relationships

(c) Objects and messages

(d) States and events

d

What is a UML package?

(a) A box

(b) A grouping of classes

(c) A grouping of use cases

(d) A grouping of model elements

d

What does a deployment diagram depict?

(a) The physical configuration of the system in terms of physical classes and physical connections between the classes

(b) The physical configuration of the system in terms of physical objects and physical connections between the objects

(c) The physical configuration of the system in terms of physical nodes and physical connections between the nodes

(d) The physical configuration of the system in terms of physical computers and physical networks between the computers.

c

What is a software life cycle?

(a) The life of the software

(b) A cyclic approach to developing software

(c) A phased approach to developing software

(d) The life of software developed in cycles

c

What is the waterfall life cycle model?

(a) Software developed under a waterfall

(b) A process model in which each phase is completed before the next phase is started

(c) A process model in which phases are overlapped

(d) A process model in which phases are cyclic

b

Which of the following is a limitation of the waterfall life cycle model?

(a) Software is developed in phases.

(b) Each phase is completed before the next phase is started.

(c) Software development is cyclic.

(d) Software requirements are not properly tested until a working system is available

d

Which of the following approaches can overcome the limitation in the previous question?

(a) Phased software development

(b) Throwaway prototyping

(c) Evolutionary prototyping

(d) Incremental development

b

What is evolutionary prototyping?

(a) Phased software development

(b) Throwaway prototyping

(c) Risk-driven development

(d) Incremental development

d

What approach does the spiral model emphasize?

(a) Phased software development

(b) Throwaway prototyping

(c) Risk-driven development

(d) Incremental development

c

What is the goal of software validation?

(a) Building the system

(b) Building the right system

(c) Building the system right

(d) Testing the system

b

What is the goal of software verification?

(a) Building the system

(b) Building the right system

(c) Building the system right

(d) Testing the system

c

What is "white box" testing?

(a) Unit testing

(b) Integration testing

(c) Testing with knowledge of the system internals

(d) Testing without knowledge of the software internals

c

What is "black box" testing?

(a) System testing

(b) Integration testing

(c) Testing with knowledge of the system internals

(d) Testing without knowledge of the software internals

d

Which of the following are object-oriented concepts?

(a) Modules and interfaces

(b) Modules and information hiding

(c) Classes, information hiding, and inheritance

(d) Concurrency and information hiding

c

Which of the following is a characteristic of an object?

(a) A function or subroutine

(b) A module

(c) Groups data and procedures that operate on the data

(d) Groups a function and an algorithm

c

What is a class?

(a) An object instance

(b) The implementation of the object

(c) A collection of objects with the same characteristics

(d) A collection of objects with different characteristics

c

What is an operation (also known as method) of a class?

(a) Specification and the implementation of a function performed by a class

(b) Specification and the implementation of a subroutine provided by a class

(c) Specification and the implementation of a function or procedure provided by a class

(d) Specification and the implementation of an interface provided by a class

c

What is the signature of an operation?

(a) The operation's name

(b) The operation's function or subroutine

(c) The operation's name, parameters, and return value

(d) The object's interface

c

What is the interface of a class?

(a) The signature of a class

(b) The specification of operations provided by the class

(c) The internals of the class

(d) The implementation of the class

b

What is an attribute?

(a) A description of a class

(b) An internal property of a class

(c) A data item held by a class

(d) A parameter of a class

c

What is information hiding in software design?

(a) Hiding information so that it cannot be found

(b) Hiding a design decision that is considered likely to change

(c) Hiding information to make it secure

(d) Encapsulating data in a class

b

What is data abstraction?

(a) Another name for information hiding

(b) Encapsulating data so that its structure is hidden

(c) Storing data in a database

(d) Storing data in a data structure

b

What is inheritance?

(a) A mechanism for inheriting characteristics from a parent

(b) A mechanism for sharing and reusing code between classes

(c) A mechanism for sharing data between classes

(d) A mechanism for hiding information between classes.

b

What is carried out during requirements modeling?

(a) Functional requirements of the system are described in terms of functions, inputs, and outputs.

(b) Functional requirements of the system are described in terms of actors and use cases.

(c) Functional requirements of the system are described textually.

(d) Functional requirements of the system are determined by interviewing users

b

What is carried out during analysis modeling?

(a) Developing use case models

(b) Developing data flow and entity relationship diagrams

(c) Developing static and dynamic models

(d) Developing software architectures

c

What is carried out during design modeling?

(a) Developing use case models

(b) Developing data flow and entity relationship diagrams

(c) Developing static and dynamic models

(d) Developing software architectures

d

What is carried out during incremental software construction?

(a) Detailed design and coding of the classes in a subset of the system

(b) Detailed design, coding, and unit testing of the classes in a subset of the system

(c) Coding and unit testing of the classes in a subset of the system

(d) Unit and integration testing of the classes in a subset of the system

b

What is carried out during incremental software integration?

(a) Implementation of the classes in each software increment

(b) Unit testing of the classes in each software increment

(c) Integration testing of the classes in each software increment

(d) System testing of the classes in each software increment

c

What is carried out during system testing?

(a) White box testing

(b) Black box testing

(c) Unit testing

(d) Integration testing

b

What is a use case?

(a) A case study involving users

(b) A sequence of interactions between the user and the system

(c) A sequence of interactions between the user and the objects in the system

(d) A sequence of user inputs to the system

c

What is an actor in a use case?

(a) An object inside the system

(b) A person who performs on stage

(c) An external entity that interacts with the system

(d) The customer to whom the system will be delivered

c

What is a primary actor?

(a) The actor who goes on stage first

(b) The actor that starts the use case

(c) An actor that participates in the use case

(d) An object inside the system

b

What is a secondary actor?

(a) The actor who goes on stage second

(b) The actor that starts the use case

(c) An actor that participates in the use case

(d) An object inside the system

c

What is an alternative sequence in a use case?

(a) A sequence that describes an error case

(b) A sequence that is different from the main sequence

(c) A sequence that describes interactions with a secondary actor

(d) A sequence that describes interactions with a primary actor

b

What can an inclusion use case be used for?

(a) To describe an inclusive use case

(b) To describe a lengthy interaction with an actor

(c) To describe functionality that is common to more than one use case

(d) To describe a use case that includes other use cases

c

What can an extension use case be used for?

(a) To describe a lengthy interaction with an actor

(b) To describe functionality that is common to more than one use case

(c) To describe the functionality of a use case that is extended by another use case(s)

(d) To describe a conditional part of a different use case that is only executed under certain circumstances

d

What can an activity diagram be used for in use case modeling?

(a) To depict the sequence of activities executed by all the use cases in the system

(b) To depict the sequence of external activities that the use case interacts with

(c) To depict the sequence of active objects in a use case

(d) To depict the activities in the main and alternative sequences of a use case

d

How can a nonfunctional requirement be described in a use case model?

(a) In a separate section of the use case description

(b) As a use case precondition

(c) As a use case postcondition

(d) In a separate document

a

What is a use case package?

(a) A package describing the actors in the system

(b) A package describing the use cases in the system

(c) A group of related use cases

(d) The package of objects that participate in the use case.

c

What is a class?

(a) A course

(b) An object instance

(c) A client or server in the system

(d) A collection of objects with the same characteristics

d

What is an attribute?

(a) A relationship between two classes

(b) A parameter of an operation or method

(c) A data value held by an object in a class

(d) The return value from an operation

c

What is an association?

(a) A relationship between two classes

(b) A relationship between two objects

(c) A link between two classes

(d) A link between two objects

a

What is meant by the multiplicity of an association?

(a) The number of associations in a class

(b) The number of associations between two classes

(c) How many instances of one class relate to how many instances of another class

(d) How many instances of one class relate to a single instance of another class

d

What is an association class?

(a) A class with multiple associations

(b) A class with one association

(c) A class that models an association between two or more classes

(d) A class that models an association between two or more objects

c

What is a generalization/specialization hierarchy?

(a) A whole/part relationship

(b) An inheritance relationship

(c) An association between a generalized class and a specialized class

(d) A layered hierarchy

b

What is a composition hierarchy?

(a) A weak form of a generalization/specialization hierarchy

(b) A strong form of a generalization/specialization hierarchy

(c) A weak form of a whole/part relationship

(d) A strong form of a whole/part relationship

d

What is an aggregation hierarchy?

(a) A weak form of a generalization/specialization hierarchy

(b) A strong form of a generalization/specialization hierarchy

(c) A weak form of a whole/part relationship

(d) A strong form of a whole/part relationship

c

What does the system context class diagram define?

(a) The entity classes in the system

(b) How the system interfaces to other systems

(c) The boundary between the system and the external environment

(d) The context classes in the system

c

What is an entity class?

(a) A class on an entity/relationship diagram

(b) A class that stores data

(c) A class that interfaces to an external entity

(d) An external class

b

What is a boundary object?

(a) An external object

(b) An object that stores data

(c) An object that communicates with an external object

(d) An object that controls other objects

c

What is a control object?

(a) An object that depends on other objects

(b) An object that communicates with an external object

(c) An object that controls other objects

(d) An object that is controlled by other objects

c

What is a state-dependent control object?

(a) An object that depends on a state machine

(b) An object that communicates with a state machine

(c) An object that controls a state machine

(d) An object that executes a state machine

d

What is a coordinator object?

(a) A manager object

(b) An object that makes decisions based on a state machine

(c) A decision-making object

(d) An object that decides which entity object to interact with

c

How would you determine a boundary class from the context diagram?

(a) By looking at it

(b) By selecting the external classes on the context diagram

(c) By determining the software classes that communicate with the external classes

(d) By drawing the boundary between the hardware and software classes

c

What is a timer object?

(a) An external clock

(b) An internal clock

(c) An object that is awakened by an external timer

(d) An object that interacts with a clock

c

What do class structuring criteria help with?

(a) Structuring an application into classes

(b) Defining the attributes of a class

(c) Defining the associations of a class

(d) Defining the operations of a class

a

What is the classification process for application classes analogous to?

(a) Categorizing books in a library

(b) Deciding how many copies of a book are needed

(c) Finding the classrooms in a school

(d) Identifying what labs the school has

a

What is the purpose of a stereotype in class structuring?

(a) To label a class according to its class structuring criterion

(b) To identify the objects that belong to the same class

(c) To distinguish between external objects and software objects

(d) To identify the association between two classes

a

What is a business logic object?

(a) An object used in business applications

(b) An object that defines business-specific application logic

(c) The internal logic of an object

(d) A business object that determines whether a client request is logical.

b

What does an interaction diagram depict?

(a) The state and transitions inside a control object

(b) Classes and their relationships

(c) Software objects and the sequence of their interactions

(d) The external objects communicating with the system

c

How is an actor depicted on an interaction diagram?

(a) An actor has an association with the interaction diagram.

(b) An actor can provide input to or receive output from a boundary object.

(c) An actor can provide input to or receive output from a boundary class.

(d) An instance of an actor can provide input to or receive output from a boundary object.

d

What does a sequence diagram depict?

(a) The sequence of external objects communicating with each other

(b) Classes and their relationships

(c) Software objects and the sequence of their interactions

(d) The external objects communicating with the system

c

What does a communication diagram depict?

(a) The sequence of external objects communicating with each other

(b) Classes and their relationships

(c) Software objects and the sequence of their interactions

(d) The external objects communicating with the system

c

What is the instance form of an interaction diagram?

(a) Depicts several object instances interacting with each other

(b) Depicts one possible sequence of interactions among object instances

(c) Depicts all possible interactions among object instances

(d) Depicts all object instances and their links to each other

b

What is the generic form of an interaction diagram?

(a) Depicts several objects interacting with each other

(b) Depicts one possible sequence of interactions among objects

(c) Depicts all possible interactions among objects

(d) Depicts all classes and their associations with each other

c

During dynamic interaction modeling, use cases are realized as follows:

(a) Determine objects that participate in each use case and the sequence of interactions among them.

(b) Determine external objects and the sequence in which they provide inputs to and receive outputs from each use case.

(c) Determine sequence of interactions among use cases.

(d) Determine how a use case is depicted through internal states and transitions between them.

a

Which of the following interactions could happen on an interaction diagram?

(a) An external user sends a message to a user interaction object.

(b) An external user sends a message to an entity object.

(c) An external user sends a message to an I/O object.

(d) An external user sends a message to a printer object.

a

Which of the following interactions is NOT likely to happen on an interaction diagram?

(a) A user interaction object sends a message to an entity object.

(b) An input object sends a message to a state-dependent control object.

(c) An input object sends a message to a printer object.

(d) A user interaction object sends a message to a proxy object.

c

What kind of object would be the first object to receive an input from an external object?

(a) A user interaction object

(b) A proxy object

(c) An entity object

(d) A boundary object

d

What is a state in a state machine?

(a) A recognizable situation that exists over an interval of time

(b) A condition that is True or False

(c) An input from the external environment

(d) An output from the system

a

What is an event in a state machine?

(a) A discrete signal that causes a change of state

(b) An input from the external environment

(c) An input that is True or False

(d) The result of a state transition

a

What is an action in a state machine?

(a) An occurrence at a point in time

(b) A cause of a state transition

(c) An interval between two successive events

(d) A computation that executes as a result of a state transition

d

What is an entry action in a state machine?

(a) An action that is performed when the state is entered

(b) An action that is performed when the state is left

(c) An action that starts executing when the state is entered and completes executing when the state is left

(d) An action that executes as a result of a state transition

a

What is an exit action in a state machine?

(a) An action that is performed when the state is entered

(b) An action that is performed when the state is left

(c) An action that starts executing when the state is entered and completes executing when the state is left

(d) An action that executes as a result of a state transition

b

What is a condition used for in a state machine?

(a) A conditional action

(b) A conditional state

(c) A conditional state transition

(d) A conditional event

c

What is a state transition into a composite state equivalent to?

(a) A transition into only one of the substates

(b) A transition into each of the substates

(c) A transition into none of the substates

(d) A transition into any one of the substates

a

What is a state transition out of a composite state equivalent to?

(a) A transition out of only one of the substates

(b) A transition out of each of the substates

(c) A transition out of none of the substates

(d) A transition out of any one of the substates

b

How does a composite state relate to a substate?

(a) A composite state is decomposed into substates.

(b) Composite states are composed into substates.

(c) A composite state transitions to a substate.

(d) A substate transitions to a composite state.

a

If two actions are shown on a given state transition, which of the following is true?

(a) The two actions are dependent on each other.

(b) The two actions are independent of each other.

(c) One action provides an input to the other action.

(d) The second action executes when the first action completes execution.

b

What does a state-dependent interaction involve?

(a) A control object

(b) A state-dependent entity object

(c) A state-dependent control object

(d) A state-dependent user interaction object

c

Which kind of object executes a state machine

(a) Any software object

(b) An entity object

(c) A state-dependent control object

(d) A statechart

c

An input message to a state-dependent control object corresponds to:

(a) An event on the internal state machine

(b) An action on the internal state machine

(c) A condition on the internal state machine

(d) A state on the internal state machine

a

An output message from a state-dependent control object corresponds to:

(a) An event on the internal state machine

(b) An action on the internal state machine

(c) A condition on the internal state machine

(d) A state on the internal state machine

b