Grade 7 Science - Electricity: Circuits and their Components

Vocabulary flashcards covering core terms, components, and concepts from the Grade 7 Science chapter on Electricity.

Bhakra Nangal Dam

A dam where the force of falling water is used in a hydroelectric power house to generate electricity.

Electric cell

A portable source of electrical energy having two terminals: a positive terminal and a negative terminal.

Positive terminal (Electric cell)

The protruding metal cap on one side of an electric cell.

Negative terminal (Electric cell)

The flat metal disc on one side of an electric cell.

Battery

A combination of two or more electric cells connected together, typically with the positive terminal of one cell connected to the negative terminal of the next.

Incandescent lamp

A type of lamp containing a glass bulb with a thin wire filament that gets hot and glows to produce light when current passes through it.

Filament

The thin wire fixed inside the glass bulb of an incandescent lamp that gets hot and glows when electric current passes through it.

Light Emitting Diode (LED)

A semiconductor lamp without a filament that has two terminals of different lengths and allows electric current to pass in one direction only.

LED positive terminal

The terminal of a Light Emitting Diode that is attached to the longer wire.

LED negative terminal

The terminal of a Light Emitting Diode that is attached to the shorter wire.

Electrical circuit

A setup that provides a complete path for electric current to flow through an electrical component like a lamp.

Direction of electric current

The conventional path of current flow in an electrical circuit, defined as going from the positive terminal to the negative terminal of the electric cell.

Fused lamp

An electric lamp with a broken filament that breaks the circuit and stops the flow of electric current.

Electric switch

A simple device that can be placed anywhere in a circuit to either complete or break the path of electric current.

Closed circuit

A circuit in the 'ON' position where the path is completely connected with no gaps, allowing electric current to flow.

Open circuit

A circuit in the 'OFF' position where a gap in the connection prevents electric current from flowing.

Circuit diagram

A simplified graphical representation of an electrical circuit drawn using standard electrical symbols.

Conductors of electricity

Materials through which electric current can flow easily, such as metals like copper, silver, and gold.

Insulators

Materials through which electric current cannot pass easily, such as plastic, rubber, wood, glass, and ceramics.

Direct Current (DC)

The type of electricity supplied by cells and batteries, commonly used to power small portable devices.

Alternating Current (AC)

The type of electricity supplied by power plants to wall sockets, used to run larger household appliances.

International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC)

An international organization that establishes standardized symbols for electrical and electronic components.