Baroque Art Exam 2

Still Life with Cardoon and Parsnips

Early Spanish Baroque

Time Period: after 1603

Materials: oil on canvas

Artist: Juan Sanchez Cotan

• Cotan called his still lifes “offering to he virgin”

• Cotan knew that his still life would not be well received, but saw the importance of still lifes

• Cotan is a devout Catholic

• Took influences of Northern and Italian

Specifically Caravaggio

• Uses tenebrism

St. Francis Embracing the Crucified Christ

Spanish Baroque

Time Period: 1620

Materials: oil on canvas

Artist: Francisco Ribalta

• shows the importance of the saint within devotion, which was a popular sentiment for the Catholics trying to uphold their practices during Counter-Reformation.

St. Jerome and the Angel of Judgement

Spanish Baroque

Time Period: 1626

Materials: oil on canvas

Artist: Jusepe de Rivera

• Meant to appeal to a wide range of viewers whether they were in a place of authority or no

Christ on the Cross

Spanish Baroque

Time Period: 1627

Materials: oil on canvas

Artist: Francisco de Zurburan

• reminiscent of sculpture with extreme realism and tenebrism

• reflects the argument of sculpture vs painting, where painting is shown to hold the same elements

Dead Christ

Spanish Baroque Sculpture

Time Period: 1625-30

Materials: polychromed wood, horn, and glass

Artist: Gregorio Fernandez

• Its gruesome nature is meant to elicit an emotional response

• Fernandez goal was to make it as biblically accurate as possible, as a devout Christian himself

Water Carrier of Seville

Spanish Baroque

Time Period: 1620

Materials: oil on canvas

Artist: Diego Velazquez

• Possibly looked to Caravaggio or Ribalta for inspiration

• Nevertheless there is a level of similarity between the works of Caravaggio

• Not an exact idea of his intention, but very possible that in some way it relates to the Catholic ideal of charity

Las Meninas

Spanish Baroque

Time Period: 1656

Materials: oil on canvas

Artist: Diego Velazquez

• Unclear what his goal is

• An impossible scene

• Maybe the king wasn’t challenging him enough

• The pictures hung in the back are identified to be copies of Peter Paul Rubens, possibly stating his work can compete with Rubens

Granada Cathedral 

Spanish Baroque Architecture

Time Period: designed 1644, built 1667-84

Materials: 

Artist: Alonso Cano

• Rooted in the Baroque style

• Much influence of different regions and time period

• Described as the Arch of Constantine on stills

        Similar to arch

• Considered one of the most original church facades of Spain

Santiago de Compostella, facade

Spanish Baroque Architecture

Time Period: 1738-49

Materials: 

Artist: Fernando de Casas y Novoa

• In the plateresque style 

Comes from elaborate metal work

Like lacework

• Still influence of the gothic style with placement of windows, tripartite division, towers, Also islamic architecture

• One of the largest pilgrimage sites; most popular

Church of Santiago(La Campania), facade

Latin American Architecture

Location: Arequipa

Time Period: 1698-9

• A hybrid, indigenous, catholic style

• A jesuit church 

Archangel Asiel

Latin American Painting

Time Period: 1660-80

Materials: oil on canvas

Artist: Master of Calamarca

• The elaborate textile clothing appealed to the Peruvians as well as the Europeans

• Pattern of his clothing is similar to that of Peruvian textiles 

• Archangel not recognized post Council of Trent

Marchesa Brigida Spinola Doria

Flemish Baroque

Time Period: 1606

Materials: oil on canvas

Artist: Peter Paul Rubens

• Red cloth of honor, which originally indicated the Virgin’s status, was later used in the 17th century to show the status of an individual

• Full length portraits were a new novelty at this time

The Raising of the Cross

Flemish Baroque

Time Period: 1610-11

Materials: oil on canvas

Artist: Peter Paul Rubens

• Traditional, triptych altarpiece 

• Draws on renaissance tradition of showing a continuous scene across the panels

The Arrival of Maria de’Medici at Marseilles

Flemish Baroque

Time Period: 1622-25

Materials: oil on canvas

Artist: Peter Paul Rubens

• Personification of time at the top

• Shows turning point of her life as she is about to marry King Henry IV

A Genoese Noblewoman and Her Son

Flemish Baroque

Time Period: 1626

Materials: oil on canvas

Artist: Anthony van Dyck

• Classically inspired architecture in the background too, also emphasizing status

• Also to emphasize the long-standing rule of Spain

Charles I at the Hunt

Flemish Baroque

Time Period: 1635

Materials: oil on canvas

Artist: Anthony van Dyck

• Portraits of the hunt had old origins

• Date back to Mesopotamia, carried through the classical world and beyond

The King Drinks

Dutch Genre Scene

Time Period: 1640-5

Materials: oil on canvas

Artist: Jacob Jordaens

• Original moralizing message is that drunkenness is foolish, but shows Jordaen’s interest in capturing scenes from everyday life as a composition

Still Life with Colander and Artichokes

Dutch Still Life

Time Period: 1613

Materials: oil on panel

Artist: Clara Peeters

• This could have personal significance to the person who purchased this, the objects could be symbolic

• Could be left to interpretation

• Still lifes in Flanders were popular, but as like it was for the Dutch Republic

  Nevertheless she had a market to sell these

Still Life with Poultry and Wild Boar

Dutch Still Life

Time Period: 1614

Materials: oil on canvas

Artist: Frans Snyders

• Narrative scene in the background

• Middle class woman being approached by a male figure

• Intentional by connecting it to the trophies of the hunt in the foreground 

• Intended to serve as a moralizing message