Ocular Motility

Ocular Motility

Group of tests that checks the actions of the six extraocular muscles.

Version

Binocular, conjugate movement of the eyes allowing the lines of sight to move in a parallel direction.

Hering’s Law of Equal Innervation

During any conjugate eye movement, equal and simultaneous nerve signals are sent to yoke muscles of both eyes.

Yoke Muscles

Pair of muscles, one on each eye, that work together to move the eyes in the same direction.

Saccadic Movement

Fast, abrupt movement initiated by a sudden increase in innervation to the muscle concerned.

Following (Pursuit) Movement

Test to determine if there are any overactions or underactions of the EOMs.

Following (Pursuit) Movement

Extent of version eye movement in the cardinal positions of gaze.

Following (Pursuit) Movement

Slower conjugate movements made to keep the image of a moving object or near the fovea or to keep the image of a stationary target or object near the fovea as the head moves.

Strabismus due to misalignment

Smooth Pursuit movement is not applicable to? and why?

Broad H or Asterisk Shape

What are the two types of test used in Smooth Pursuit?

Broad H Test

One of the most useful motility test.

Broad H Test

Designed to test the action of the horizontal rectus muscle and to test the action of the vertically acting muscles.

Duction

Monocular eye movements into the cardinal positions of gaze.

Duction

Testing is done to determine whether an underaction uncovered on version testing is due to a restriction of the individual EOM.

Sherrington’s Law of Reciprocal Innervation

When an agonist muscle receives a nervous impact to contract, a simultaneous and equal inhibitory impulse is sent to the antagonist muscle.

Eye Dominance Test

Eye that provides slightly more input to the visual cortex of the brain and relays information more accurately, such as the location of objects.

Dominant Eye

Brain’s preference

• Sighting/Motor Dominance

• Sensory Dominance

Types of Eye Dominance? (2)

Sighting/Motor Dominance

Preference of one eye over the other when fixating on a target.

Sighting/Motor Dominance

Directional Dominance

Sighting/Motor Dominance

Eye that is less likely to lose fixation at the near point of convergence.

Sighting/Motor Dominance

Hole in a Card (Dolman Method)

Sensory Dominance

An eye that has stronger vision than the other.

• Comparison of Hand and Ocular Dominance

• Crossed Dominancy

• Uncrossed Dominancy

• Mixed Ocular Dominance

Types of Correlative Dominance? (4)

Crossed Dominancy

Opposite laterality of eye and hand dominance

Uncrossed Dominancy

Same laterality of one eye and hand dominance

Mixed Ocular Dominance

Different eye dominance in various distances or depending on the visual task.