UK Political System and Legislative Processes

These flashcards cover key vocabulary and concepts related to the UK political system and legislative processes, focusing on topics such as EVEL, the role of Parliament, Private Members' Bills, and the UK Supreme Court.

EVEL

A system introduced to address the West Lothian Question, which refers to the issue of non-English MPs voting on English-only laws.

West Lothian Question

The issue of non-English MPs having a say on legislation that only affects England.

Legislative Effectiveness

The capability of Parliament to enact laws effectively and allow for debate, as demonstrated by passing 34 bills in 2018.

Private Members' Bills (PMBs)

Bills introduced by non-ministerial MPs; only around 4.4% become law but they highlight important issues.

The Shark Fins Act 2023

An example of a successful Private Member's Bill that banned imports of shark fins.

Backbench Rebellions

Instances where MPs challenge government proposals, showing their influence on legislation, such as the 2019 Brexit defeats.

Collective Ministerial Responsibility

The principle that all ministers must publicly support government decisions or resign.

Individual Ministerial Responsibility

The accountability of ministers for their personal conduct and the performance of their departments.

UK Supreme Court

The highest court in the UK that interprets law and enforces the Human Rights Act.

Constitutional Reform Act 2005

Legislation that created an independent UK Supreme Court, separating it from the House of Lords.

House of Lords Reforms

Changes made to the House of Lords, including the removal of most hereditary peers and the appointment of members by commission.

Arguments for Electing the House of Lords

Include improved legitimacy, enhanced regional representation, and better scrutiny of government actions.

Arguments against Electing the House of Lords

Include concerns about potential gridlock, loss of expertise, and reduced independence.