History of Design

The Great Pyramid is aligned along the...

West-East axis of the Spring and Autumn Equinox

True or False: Sun-baked bricks and kiln-baked bricks have the same structural qualities.

False

To which civilization has the 'arch' been accredited to?

Sumer

True or False: Architectural sculpture is sometimes called plastic.

True

What are the building blocks of opus isodomum?

An ashlar and A quoin

True or False: Both Hittite and Incan architecture always used mortar.

False

What is mortar generally composed of?

Ground limestone, water, sand

True or False: The Roman architect and writer, Vitruvius, placed more value upon manual skill than upon scholarship.

False (they were =)

What is a carytid?

A column in the form of a human

True or False: According to Vitruvius, if a city is close to the sea, then the forum should be built far from the harbour for security reasons.

False

What were Roman apartment complexes built from?

wood, brick, concrete

True or false: the roman had heated floors in some buildings

true

What technology was not available to the world before the 13th century AD

The Sawmill

True or false: thatched roofs are only found among the celts

False

What is the primary reason for construction roofs that extend almost to the ground

thermal insulation

What are mud bricks composed of?

Dirt, chopped straw, water

True or false: mud brick/adobe structures do not last very long

false

True or false: the romans painted many of their buildings in vibrant colors

True

What does the latin word Spolia refer to

reused materials

Roman concrete a mixture of lime and what other ingredient?

Pozzolana (volcanic ash)

True or False: Adobe is only used in order to make mud bricks.

False

What is a vault?

an arched structure or dome

A _____ is a false vault.

Corbelled vault

True or false: More intricate vaults are built entirely out of stone.

False

True or false: roof tiles are a type of shingle

false

Before the mass production of nails in the 19th century, wooden construction was conducted using which techniques?

Hammering wooden dowels through drilled holes, snuggly fitting boards into one another, glued using resin, hammered together with hand-made nails

True or false: Gravity fountains are older than fountains with hydraulic pumps

True

True or False: Baked bricks are fired in a kiln at high temperature

True

What Roman building that still stands features a dome built using concrete?

The Pantheon

True or false: church window tracery typically includes more complex designs over time

True

Which civilization/culture first developed the basilica building type

The Romans

Cubed capitals came about during which period?

The middle ages

Terms most applicable feature that defines the term: Basilica

Nave

Terms most applicable feature that defines the term: Hall church

two aisles of equal height

Terms most applicable feature that defines the term: Lombard bands

arcade-like reliefs separating parts of a facade

Terms most applicable feature that defines the term: Ambulatory

Radiating altars around the choir of a church

What is a bundled/compound pier

A pier with what appears to be made of many smaller columns

what are the combination of vaults and piers supposed to represent in nature

a palm tree

which christian churches were converted into Islamic mosques? (two)

*The Grand mosque of Cordoba

*The Umayyad Mosque of Damascus

True or false: stained glass windows are composed of thousands of small glass pieces

True

True or false: all churches are constructed using stone or brick as the main material

False

True or false: the islamic kingdoms and christian kingdoms refused to hire each others architects and artisan's throughout the middle ages

False

What is significant about Saint Eustache in Paris, France?

It is a blend of Late Gothic and Renaissance

True or False: The mosaics in the Cathedral of Aachen are from the Middle Ages.

False

Regardless of the written record of a site, the primary source material for a building is:

the building itself

Who coined the term, 'Construction Research?'

Armin von Gerkan

True or false: In its current form, construction research studies the building condition and its relation from the earliest form until the modern-day, but cannot be augmented by an archaeological excavation

False, it CAN be

What is Construction Research?

A case study based verification of architectural history.

True or False: The National Socialists used medieval castles as stages for their propaganda.

True

True or false: The Soviet Union favored the rehabilitation of damaged castles, churches, and palaces.

False

True or false: The East German 'Palace of the Republic' was demolished because it was so poorly built.

False