rhine ancestry estimation method

nose root

white = high/narrow, black = low/rounded, asian = low/ridged

nose bridge (the bony, elevated region of the nose located between the eyes)

white = high, black = low, asian = low

Nose Lower Border

white = sharp (shill), black = guttered, asian = flat/sharp

nose spine

white = pronounced, black = small, asian = small

nose width

white = narrow, black = wide, asian = medium

face profile (a side view of a face)

white = straight, black = projecting, asian = intermediate

face shape

white = narrow, black = narrow, asian = wide

eye orbits

white = angular, black = rectangular, asian = rounded

lower border of eye (refers to the lower eyelid)

white = receding, black = receding, asian = projecting

browridges (supraorbital shi)

white = heavy, black = small, asian = small

muscle markings (are physical features on bones that serve as attachment points for muscles and ligaments)

white = rugged, black = smooth, asian = smooth

sutures (vault) [skull sutures]

white = simple, black = simple, asian = complex

Post-bregmatic Depression

white = no depression, black = depressed, asian = no depression

jaws

white = small, black = large, asian = large

palatal shape

white = parabolic (v-shaped), black = hyperbolic (u-shaped), asian = elliptical (oval)

upper incisors (upper teeth central, lateral)

white = spatulate (spatula/spoon shaped), black = spatulate, asian = shoveled (tongue-side surface is scooped)