Chapter 34 & 35: Foundations Comprehensive Guide to Mobility, Activity, and Exercise in Nursing

This set of 40 vocabulary flashcards covers concepts related to mobility, body mechanics, joint movements, and the effects of immobility based on the NURS 3275 lecture transcript.

Skeletal system

Provides points of attachment for muscles and includes joints.

Muscular system

Composed of skeletal, smooth, and cardiac muscles responsible for movement.

Nervous system

Responsible for stimulating muscles to contract.

Ball and socket

A classification of a joint based on its structure and movement.

Condyloid

A specific classification of the body's joints.

Gliding

A specific classification of the body's joints.

Hinge

A specific classification of the body's joints.

Pivot

A specific classification of the body's joints.

Saddle

A specific classification of the body's joints.

Long bones

A classification of bones characterized by a longer length than width.

Short bones

The classification of bones located in the wrist.

Flat bones

A classification of bones that are thin and broad.

Irregular bones

A classification of bones that do not fit into the long, short, or flat categories.

Body mechanics

The way people move, encompassing body alignment, balance, coordination, and joint mobility.

Body alignment

Also known as posture; a component of body mechanics.

Abduction

Lateral movement of a body part away from the midline of the body.

Adduction

Movement of a body part toward the midline of the body.

Circumduction

Circular movement of a limb at the far end.

Flexion

The state of being bent.

Extension

The state of being in a straight line.

Hyperextension

Exaggerated extension of a joint.

Dorsiflexion

Backward bending of the hand or foot.

Plantar flexion

Flexion of the foot.

Rotation

The turning of a body part on its axis.

Supination

Movement where the palm or sole is turned upward.

Pronation

Movement where the palm or sole is turned downward.

Inversion

Movement of the sole of the foot inward.

Eversion

Movement of the sole of the foot outward.

Isotonic

Movement involving muscle shortening and active movement.

Isometric

Muscle contraction without shortening of the muscle.

Isokinetic

Muscle contraction performed with resistance.

Contractures

A musculoskeletal complication that can occur due to immobility.

Foot drop

A musculoskeletal complication of immobility affecting the positioning of the foot.

Decubitus

Also known as pressure ulcers; an integumentary complication resulting from immobility.

Gait

The manner of walking, assessed to determine a client's mobility and ease of movement.

Trochanter rolls

Equipment used to prevent external hip rotation, extending from the hips to one-third of the way down the thighs.

Dangling

The practice of placing a patient in a sitting position with feet and legs over the side of the bed to assess for hypotension.

Fowler’s position

A common bed position where the patient's head and trunk are raised.

Oblique position

A variation of the side-lying position recommended for placing less pressure on the trochanter region.

Walkers

Assistive devices where the patient holds handgrips, takes a step, moves the device forward, and takes another step.