Integumentary System

Sebaceous Glands

Oil glands; produces oil called sebum which keeps hair from becoming dry & brittle

Erythema

Reddish color caused by burns or congestion of blood in vessels

Cyanosis

Bluish discoloration caused by insufficient oxygen

Macules (Macular Rash)

Flat spots on the skin (freckles)

Impetigo

Highly contagious skin infection causing red lesions on face/body surfaces that ooze and form crusts

Ringworm (Tineas)

Highly contagious fungus infection of skin or scalp causing flat raised circular areas with itchy, scaly, crusty outer rings

Verrucae/Warts

Viral infection of skin caused by HPV forming rough elevated rounded surfaces on skin

Epidermis

Outermost layer of the skin

Sudoriferous Glands

Sweat glands

ABSORPTION in Integumentary System

Certain substances are absorbed through skin (nicotine patches, motion sickness meds, etc.)

Dermis

Middle layer of the skin; contains blood vessels, nerves, sweat, oil glands, hair follicles

Hypodermis

Innermost layer of skin; connects skin to underlying muscle

Alopecia

Permanent loss of hair on scalp

Functions of Integumentary Systems

Protection, sensory perception, regulation of body temp, storage, absorption, excretion, and production

PROTECTION in Integumentary System

Barrier for UV rays, protects against pathogens, holds moisture in

SENSORY PERCEPTION in Integumentary System

Nerves in skin respond to pain, temperature & touch sensations

REGULATION OF BODY TEMP in Integumentary System

Blood vessels in skin help body retain & lose heat; sudoriferous glands help cool body through evaporation of perspiration

STORAGE in Integumentary System

Skin has tissues for temporary storage off fat, glucose, water, vitamins & salts

EXCRETION in Integumentary System

Helps body eliminate salt, small amount of waste, & excess water through sweating

PRODUCTION in Integumentary System

Helps produce Vitamin D

Melanin

Brownish-black pigment

Carotene

Yellowish-red pigment

Albino

Absence of color pigments

Jaundice

Yellowish discoloration caused by bile in blood, hepatitis

Papules (Papular Rash)

Firm raised areas (Seen in syphilis & chicken pox)

Vesicles

Blisters or sacs full of fluid (Chicken Pox)

Pustules

Sacs filled with pus (Acne)

Crusts

Areas of dried blood and pus (Scabs)

Wheals

Itchy elevated areas w/ an irregular shape (hives & insect bites)

Ulcer

Deep loss of skin surface that may extend into dermis (formation of scars)

Cyst

Closed sac w/ distinct membrane that develops abnormally in a body structure

Acne Vulgaris

Inflammation of sebaceous glands caused by hormonal changes & increased sebum production

Athlete's Foot

Contagious fungal infection on feet; treated by antifungal meds

Basal Cell Carcinoma

Cancer of basal cells in epidermis causing pink/yellow lesions

Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Cancer that affects thin cells of epithelium causing flat, red lesions

Melanoma

Skin cancer that develops in melanocytes of epidermis causing brown/black/pink/multicolored lesions

Dermatitis

Inflammation of skin caused by irritants

Eczema

Noncontagious inflammatory dermatitis caused by allergic reaction or irritant

Psoriasis

Chronic, noncontagious, inherited skin disease forming thick, red areas covered w/ white or silver scales

Cancer