Basic Safety (Construction Site Safety Orientation) 00101-15

A set of practice flashcards covering basic safety procedures, fall protection, hazard recognition, PPE, and electrical safety based on module 00101-15.

What is a Safety Culture?

A safety culture is created when all workers at a job site or in a company see the value of a safe work environment and support it through their actions.

What are the five characteristics of a strong safety culture?

$\text{1.}$ Fewer at-risk behaviors, $\text{2.}$ Lower incident and accident rates, $\text{3.}$ Less turnover, $\text{4.}$ Lower absenteeism, and $\text{5.}$ Higher productivity.

What is the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA), and when was it created?

OSHA was created by Congress in $1970$ to ensure safe working conditions by setting and enforcing standards and providing training, outreach, and education.

What is the difference between an incident and an accident?

An incident is an unplanned event that results in property damage or near misses, while an accident is an unplanned event that results in personal injury.

What four hazards are known as the "Fatal Four" (or "Focus Four")?

Falls, Struck-By Hazards, Electrical Hazards, and Caught-In or Caught-Between Hazards.

What is the purpose of the Hazard Communication Standard (HAZCOM), also known as "Right-To-Know"?

It requires contractors to educate employees about hazardous chemicals they may be exposed to and train them how to work safely around those materials.

How many sections are found in a Safety Data Sheet (SDS)?

$16$ sections.

According to the Risk Assessment process, what is Risk a measure of?

$\text{Probability}$ (the chance of an event occurring), $\text{Consequences}$ (the result of the event), and $\text{Exposure}$ (duration or degree of exposure to the unsafe condition).

What is the "Six-Foot Rule" in fall protection?

A personal fall arrest system (PFAS) is required for platforms or work surfaces with unprotected sides or edges that are $6\,ft$ or more above a lower level.

How often must a "Competent Person" inspect a Personal Fall Arrest System (PFAS)?

MONTHLY.

What are the "ABCs" of a Personal Fall Arrest System (PFAS)?

$\text{A}$ for Anchor Points, $\text{B}$ for Body Harness, and $\text{C}$ for Connecting Devices.

What is the required Height-To-Base ratio for an extension ladder?

$4:1$ ratio (the feet of the ladder must be $\frac{1}{4}$ the distance from the base of the building to the point where it touches the structure).

How far must the top of an extension ladder extend above its contact point with a building?

At least $3\,ft$.

On a ladder, what is the highest safe standing level for an extension ladder?

The $4\text{th}$ rung from the top.

What do Green, Yellow, and Red tags signify during scaffold inspections?

Green Tag means safe to use; Yellow Tag means it does not meet all standards and requires a harness; Red Tag means unsafe, do not use.

What amount of electrical current is enough to kill a human?

Less than $1\,amp$.

In a 3-wire system, what are the colors for Neutral, Hot, and Ground wires?

Neutral is white, Hot is black, and Ground is green.

What symbol identifies a double-insulated tool?

A square inside another square.

What is the primary rule for the removal of a Lockout/Tagout (LOTO) lock?

ONLY the person who applies the lock is the person who removes it.

What is the difference between Engineering Controls and Administrative Controls?

Engineering Controls physically change the workplace or equipment (e.g., machine guards), while Administrative Controls change how people work (e.g., safety training).

What are the two types of Hard Hats?

Type $1$ and Type $2$.

What rule determines if hearing protection is required on a job site?

If the noise level requires you to raise your voice to be heard by someone less than $2\,ft$ away.

What is Tinnitus?

A permanent condition characterized by ringing or buzzing in the ears.

What lung disease is caused by inhaling concrete, masonry, or rock dust?

Silicosis.

For materials stacking, what is the maximum height-to-base ratio?

$4:1$ (the height should not exceed four times the width).

In excavation, what soil type is assumed if the soil is not known?

Type C (the least stable soil type).

What are the four types of trench protection?

Sloping, Benching, Shoring (designed to prevent cave-ins), and Shielding (trench boxes designed to protect workers during a collapse).

What color is the Hot wire in a 3-wire electrical system?

Black.

What color is the Neutral wire in a 3-wire electrical system?

White.

What color is the Ground wire in a 3-wire electrical system?

Green.

In a 3-wire system, what does the Hot wire do?

The Hot wire carries the electrical current to the load.

In a 3-wire system, what role does the Neutral wire serve?

The Neutral wire completes the electrical circuit by carrying current away from the load back to the panel.

What is the purpose of the Ground wire in an electrical system?

The Ground wire provides a safety path for electricity to follow in the event of a fault, helping to prevent electric shock.