3.1 Organization of the Nervous System

Sensory Input

Gathering information to monitor changes occurring inside and outside the body.

Stimuli

change in movement or structure of object

Integration

To process and interpret sensory input and decide if action is needed

Motor output

A response to integrated stimuli. It response activates muscles or glands

Two different types of Nervous System

Central Nervous System (CNS) and Peripheral Nervous System (PNS)

Central Nervous System

Runs through the Central part of the body.

Give an example of Central Nervous System

Brain and Spinal Cord

What are the 2 types of Peripheral Nervous System?

Sensory (afferent) division and Motor (efferent) division

Sensory (afferent) division

Conveys impulses to the CNS

Two types of Sensory (afferent) division?

Somatic sensory fibers and Visceral Sensory fibers

What are Somatic sensory fibers?

Deliver impulses from the skin, skeletal muscle, and joints

What are Visceral Sensory fibers?

Deliver impulses from visceral (internal) organs. Example: Heart, lungs.

What is Motor (efferent) division?

Carries impulses from the CNS to effector organs: Muscles and glands

Two types of Motor (efferent) division

Somatic (voluntary) nervous system and Autonomic (involuntary) nervous system.

Two types of Autonomic (involuntary) nervous system

- Sympathetic: flight or flight
- Parasympathetic: Rest and digest.

Flight or flight means which type of autonomic nervous system?

Sympathetic

Parasympathetic nervous system is responsible for

Rest and digest

4 regions of Brain

Cerebrum, Diencephalon, Brain Stem and Cerebellum

The 4 lobes of the cerebrum

- Frontal Lobe
- Parietal Lobe
- Occipital Lobe
- Temporal Lobe

What is frontal lobe responsible for?

Decision making

What is Parietal lobe responsible for?

Touch

What is Occipital lobe responsible for?

Sight

What is Temporal lobe responsible for?

Smell and hearing

3 parts of Diencephalon

Thalamus, Hypothalamus and Epithalamus

What is Thalamus?

Relay station for sensory impulses (taste, sight, hearing, equilibrium) except for olfactory neurons (sense of smell)

Which part of Diencephalon has pituitary gland?

Hypothalamus

What is the function of Hypothalamus

Controls and maintains homeostasis. Also involved in emotions, learning and motivation

3 types of Brain Stem

Midbrain, Pons and Medulla oblongata

Midbrain function

Reflex centers for vision and hearing

Pons function

nuclei involved in the control of breathing and sleep

Medulla oblongata is the control center of? (Hint: there are 5)

- Heart rate control
- Blood pressure regulation
- Breathing
- Swallowing
- Vomiting

What is the function of Cerebellum?

Provides coordination of body movements to maintain balance coordination and posture