Jarvis Chapter 5: Mental Health Assesment

Mental disorder

when a person's response is much greater than the expected reaction to a traumatic life event

organic disorder

caused by brain disease of known specific organic cause

Psychiatric Mental Disorders

in which an organic etiology has not yet been established

Consciousness

being aware of one's own existence, feelings, and thoughts and being aware of the environment

Language

using the voice to communicate one's thoughts and feelings

Mood

prolonged display of feeling that color the whole emotional life

Affect

temporary expression of feelings or state of mind

Orientation

Awareness of the objective world in relation to the self

Attention

the power of concentration, the ability to focus on one specific thing without being distracted by many environmental stimuli

Memory

the ability to lay down and store experiences to be recalled later

Abstract reasoning

pondering a deeper meaning beyond the concrete and literal

Thought process

the way a person thinks, the logical train of thought

Thought content

what the person thinks- specific ideas, beliefs, the use of words

Perceptions

awareness of objects through any of the five senses

What are the A,B,C,T

Appearance

Behavior

Cognition

Thought

Appearance involves

Posture

Body Movements

Dress

Grooming/Hygiene

Pupils

Behavior Involves

Levels of Consciousness

Facial Expression

Speech

Articulation

Mood

Cognitive Functions Involve

Orientation

Attention span

Recent and Remote Memory

The four unrelated words test

tests the person's ability to lay down new memories

Thought includes

Thought processes

Thought content

Perceptions

Judgement

What is the Mini-Cog?

Test pt's executive function, ability to plan, manage time, organize activities, manage working memory (clock test)

Alert

Awake or readily aroused, oriented, fully aware of external and internal stimuli and responds appropriately, conducts meaningful interpersonal interactions

Lethargic

Not fully alert/ drifts off

Obtunded

sleeps most of the time, difficult to arouse

stupor or semi-coma

Spontaneously unconscious; responds only to persistent and vigorous shake or pain; has appropriate motor response

Coma

completely unconscious, no response to pain or to any external or internal stimuli

delirium

clouding of consciousness/ inattentive

Dysphonia

Difficulty or discomfort in talking, with abnormal pitch or volume, caused by laryngeal disease.

Dysarthria

distorted speech

Aphasia

defect in word choice and grammar

global aphasia

Spontaneous speech is absent or reduced to a few stereotyped words or sounds

broca aphasia (expressive)

The person can understand language but cannot express himself or herself using language

Wernicke aphasia (receptive)

The person can hear sounds and words but cannot relate them to previous experiences.

Flat affect

a lack of emotional responsiveness

Depression

sad, gloomy, dejected

Depersonalization

loss of identity, feels estranged, perplexed about own identity and meaning of existence

Elation

joy and optimism, overconfidence, increased motor activity, not necessarily pathologic

Euphoria

excessive well-being,

Anxiety

worried, uneasy, apprehensive from the anticipation of a danger whose source is unknown

Fear

worried, uneasy, apprehensive; external danger is known and identified

irritability

annoyed, easily provoked, impatient

Rage

furious, loss of control

Ambivalance

the existence of opposing emotions toward and idea

Liability

Rapid shifts of emotion

inappropriate affect

affectp clearly discordant with content of person's speech

Panic Attack

A period of intense fear

agoraphobia

fear of open spaces

social anxiety disorder

intense fear of social situations, leading to avoidance of such

generalized anxiety disorder

an anxiety disorder in which a person is continually tense, apprehensive, and in a state of autonomic nervous system arousal

obsessive-compulsive disorder

An anxiety disorder characterized by unwanted repetitive thoughts (obsession) and/ or actions (compulsions).

Dementia

An abnormal condition marked by multiple cognitive defects that include memory impairment.

Blocking

sudden interruption in train of thought, unable to complete sentence, seems related to strong emotion

Confabulation

the act of filling in memory gaps

neologism

new word or expression

circumlocution

talking in circles

Circumstaintiality

talking in too much detail

Word salad

Incoherent mixture of words, phrases, and sentences

Perseveration

persistent repetition of the same word or idea in response to different questions

Echolalia

imitation, repeats others' words or phrases, often with a mumbling, mocking, or mechanical tone

Anorexia Nervosa

an eating disorder in which an irrational fear of weight gain leads people to starve themselves

Bulimia Nervousa

an eating disorder characterized by episodes of overeating, usually of high-calorie foods, followed by vomiting, laxative use, fasting, or excessive exercise

Bereavement

A state of loss that provides the occasion for grief and mourning.

visuospatial

ability to process visual information and perceive relationships between objects and space