Pharma lab midterms (drugs act on blood)

Vitamin B 12

Also known as cyanocobalamin. Maturation factor

Folic acid

Co factor for DNA synthesis and methyl donor for VIT B 12

Iron

Interacts with tetracyclines and antacids

Epoietin

Erythropiesis stimulating agent that binds to commited progenitor cells

Filgrastim

Stimulates commited progenitors. Recombinant human GCSF

Lenograstim

Gcsf, not usually used in vet med

Serratia marcescens extract

Stimulates cytokine production but not commercially available

Heparin, clopidogrel bisulfate, EDTA, Coumarin derivatives, aspirin, acid citrate dextrose

Example of anticoagulants

Heparin

Prevents the conversion of prothrombin to thrombin. May treat DIC or laminitis in horses

Clopidogrel bisulfate

Inhibits platelet aggregation, prevents ADP binding, prevents thrombi formation in cats

EDTA

Chelates calcium, Tx of lead poisoning.

Coumarin derivatives

Blocks vit k conversion; for long term tx of thromboembolism

Warfarin

Ex. Of coumarin deriv

Aspirin

Inhibits COX 1. Prevents thromboembolism assoc. W/ CHW and cardiomyopathies. Side effects gi bleeding and vomiting

Acid citrate dextrose

Chelates calcium. Used in blood bags

Phytonadione, protamine sulfate, tranexamic acid, styptics

Hemostatics

Phytonadione

VIT K 1, Tx of rodenticide poisioning. Side effect: anaphylaxis

Protamine sulfate

Alkaline protein for heparic toxicity and brackden fern poisoning, se: hypotension, bradycardia

Tranexamic acid

Synthetic derivative of lysine. Binds to lysine binding site on plasminogen. Se: nausea

Styptics

Silver nitrate, hemostat powder, gelfoam/gelatin sponge, topical thrombin sol.

Opioids/benzodiazepine

Sedatives for dogs for blood transfusion

Ketamine/Diazepam

Sedatoves for cats for blood transfusion

G18-16

Needle used for blood collection for dogs

Butterfly catheter and 60ml syringes

Used for blooc collection in cats

Diphenhydramine (2mg/kg) IM/IV

Premedication for transfusiin

Dexanethasone (2mg/kg) IV

Post medication for blood transfusion