Ap HG week #7

Migration

A permanent change of residence.

Emigration

Migration from a location.

Immigration

Migration into a location.

Net Migration

The difference between the number of immigrants and emigrants.

Push Factors

Reasons that cause people to leave their current location.

Pull Factors

Reasons that attract people to a new location.

Transnational Migration

Moving across international borders while maintaining ties to both origin and destination.

Transhumance Migration

Seasonal movement of livestock by ranchers.

Ravenstein's Laws of Migration

Generalizations explaining migration patterns.

Intervening Obstacles

Barriers hindering migration, such as environmental or cultural features.

Cyclical (Circular) Migration

Temporary, repeated movement (e.g., commuting, seasonal work).

Gravity Model

Predicts interaction between places based on population and distance.

Intraregional Migration

Movement within one region of a country.

Interregional Migration

Movement between different regions of a country.

Economic Migration

Migration for economic reasons (jobs, wages).

Voluntary Migration

Migration based on perceived opportunities.

Forced Migration

Migration compelled by external factors (e.g., war, persecution).

Counterurbanization

Movement from urban to suburban or rural areas.

Internally Displaced Person (IDP)

Someone forced to move within their own country.

Asylum Seeker

Someone seeking recognition as a refugee in another country.

The Great Migration

20th-century movement of African Americans within the U.S.

Guest Worker

Temporary immigrants admitted for work.

Brain Drain

Emigration of highly skilled individuals.

Remittances

Money sent home by migrants.

Cultural/Social Migration

Migration due to cultural factors (e.g., equality, fleeing persecution).

Political Migration

Migration due to political factors (e.g., war, instability).

Quota Laws

Laws limiting annual immigration numbers.

Quota Act of 1921

U.S. law setting nationality-based immigration limits.

Step Migration

Migration to a distant location occurring in stages.

Immigration Laws

Government rules for entering a country.

National Origins Act of 1924

U.S. law reinforcing national origin quotas.

Chain Migration

Migration influenced by previous migrants (relatives, nationality) to the same location.

Refugee

A person who has been forced to flee their home country due to persecution, war, or violence and cannot safely return.

Illegal Alien

A dated and often derogatory term for a foreign-born person residing in a country without legal authorization.

Unauthorized Immigrant

A neutral and preferred term for a person residing in a country without legal permission, including those who entered without inspection or overstayed a visa.

Undocumented Immigrant

A term, often used interchangeably with "unauthorized immigrant," that describes a person residing in a country without legal documentation.