Pharmacology Chapter 32 Steroid Hormones of Reproduction and Sexual Development

Synthetic androgens are used primarily for ________ deficiency

Antiandrogen are used for what disease?

testosterone

prostate cancer, benign prostatic hypertrophy, hyperandrogenism

What is the most potent estrogen?

Most abundant estrogen in women premenopausal?

Most abundant estrogen in men and post menopausal?

Estradiol

Estradiol

Estrone

The principal progestational hormone secreted into the bloodstream is _________

progesterone

Progestational means preparing for pregnancy

What produces testosterone

Leydig Cell of testes, Thecal cell of ovary, and adrenal cortex

What converts testosterone to dihydrotestosterone?

5-a-reductase

The most common reasons for the prescription of _______ are for the prevention of conception and to reduce the sequelae associated with declining hormone levels during and after menopause.

estrogen

Combination oral contraceptives principally affect conception by ________ the release of follicle-stimulating hormone and ________ the surge of luteinizing hormone (LH)

suppressing

Raloxifene

Tamoxifen

Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulators

Blocks estrogen in breast and act as estrogen in bone

Raloxifene: Prevent osteoporosis in postmenopausal

Tamoxifen: Breast cancer

What is the main risks of estrogens and progestins

Blood clots, cancer risk, cardiovascular effects

Why does estrogen need to be given with progestin

Progestin protects the endometrium

Decrease cancer risk

Hormone Replacement Therapy is used for less than ______ years

5

Do oral contraceptives cause or worsen gingivitis?

No

Old Oral Contraceptives cause gingivitis

What adverse effect does androgen have on mens brest?

Gynecomastia

Breast soreness

Some androgen are converted to estrogen

What is virilization?

Male characteristic in women

Estrogen ______ effect of corticosteroids

increase

What antibiotic decrease the effect of estrogen in contraceptive

Rifampin

Androgen on anticoagulants

Increase effect of anticoagulants

What is fulvestrant?

Pure estrogen receptor antagonist

Completely blocks estrogen receptors

For postmenopausal breast cancer

Mifepristone

Progesteorne receptor antagonist

For abortion

Flutamide

Finasteride

Androgen antagonist used for prostate cancer

5a reductase inhibitors (block t to DHT) prevent hair loss

Do periodontal tissues have steroid hormone

Yes it has steroid hormone

p53

Tumor suppressor gene (blocks apoptosis)