Unit 5 Biology 1 HN Review

Overproduction of Offspring

Species have to have the potential to increase in number.

Variation

DNA sequences have to be different between individuals in a population.

Sexual reproduction.

What type of reproduction leads to the greatest genetic variation?Sexual reproduction.

Adaptations

Animals change their habits to help them survive better in their environment.

Descent with Modification

Species change over time, resulting in greater diversity.

Homologous Structures

Similar structures shared by different species with a common ancestor.

Vestigial Structures

Structures with no known current function that are conserved from an ancestor.

Analogous Structures

Structures with the same function in unrelated species that developed because they live in a similar habitat.

Biochemistry Evidence for Evolution

Having similarities in DNA can indicate that two organisms evolved from a common ancestor.

Genetic Drift

Allele frequency changes randomly over time.

Gene Flow

Migration causes genes to move in or out of a population.

Competition for Resources

Individuals that can get food, space, and a mate pass on their traits, while those who can’t compete never reproduce.

Mutations

Mutations get passed on throughout generations.

Natural Selection

Favoring one trait over another results in less genetic variation.

Camouflage

Helps an animal blend in with their environment to hide from predators or hunt for food.

Divergent Evolution

Species split off from a common ancestor.

Convergent Evolution

Independent evolution of similar traits.

Coevolution

Two or more species living in proximity change in response to one another.

Extinction

Elimination of an entire species due to its inability to adapt to environmental changes.

Speciation

Formation of a new species from a preexisting species.

What is a species?

A group of organisms that are similar enough genetically to reproduce with each other.

Which type of reproduction results in identical offspring?

Asexual reproduction.

Amniotic egg.

Derived character that separates mammals from lizards?

Which organism is least closely related to lobsters?

Mammals.