DNA Transcription

What two functional products does a gene product from a segment of DNA?

RNA or Polypeptide

What is the first step in gene expression?

Transcription

Transcription mean?

the act of process of making a copy DNA sequence with RNA

No, it can store information

Is the structure of DNA altered as a result of Transcripton?

Gene Expression

the process by which the information within a gene is used to produce a functional product which can, in concert with environmental facts, determine a trait

Structural Genes do in Translation

encode the amino acid sequence of a polypeptide

What does Transcription produce?

Messenger RNA

What does mRNA translate into?

amino acid sequence

Why is it important to synthesize proteins?

Because functional proteins can determine the organism traits.

How are promoters used in Transcription?

DNA sequences define the beginning of a gene

How are Terminators used in Transcription?

DNA sequences define the end of a gene. This signals the end of Transcription

What are Regulatory sites used for in Transcription?

Regulation of the level of RNA synthesis

What must Transcription Factors do to produce mRNA

These proteins must recognize and interact with DNA

How does the template strand for DNA look like?

DNA strand is actually transcribed

How does the template strand of RNA look like

NA transcript is the reverse compliment

What is the Sense Strand aka Coding Strand?

Aka Non Template strand which identical to the RNA transcript except for the substitution of uracil for thymine

Stages of Transcriptions

Initiation, Elongation, Termination

Initiation

Transcription factors interact with Promoter Seq, this will enable the RNA polymerase to bind to he promoter where DNA is then denatured

Elongation

RNA polymerase synthesizes RNA

Termination

Terminator Sequence Reached, which RNA polymerase & RNA disassociate rom DNA

How many genes are used for structural genes? What are they transcribed into?

90% of genes are structural genes which are transcribed into mRNA.

Which RNA is only translated into amino acid sequences

mRNA

Which genes can RNA not be transcribed from?

nonstructural genes

What can RNA transcript turn into that is more complex?

Ribosomes, Spliceosomes, Signal recognition particles, Telomerase

If a sequence has a name with a box in it? Why would that be?

Sequence of DNA that has a specific function

Where does the molecular understanding of gene transcription come from? Which organism is responsible?

Bacteria and Bacteriophages

Which bacteria in particular is the most studied?

E.Coli

Promoters

DNA sequences that "promote" gene expression

Which directs the exact location for the initiation of transcription?

The promoters would be the culprit or this function

Which DNA sequence is typically located just upstream of the site where transcription of the GENE actually begins?

It would be a promoter because their bases sequence are numbered in relation to the start site of transcription