04 - AAOS Emergency Care and Transportation of the Sick and Injured Eleventh Edition - Chapter 4 Communications and Documentation

acute stress reactions

Reaction to stress that occurs during a stressful situation.

airborne transmission

The spread of an organism in aerosol form.

bloodborne pathogens

Pathogenic microorganisms that are present in human blood and can cause disease in humans. These pathogens include, but are not limited to, hepatitis B virus and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV).

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)

The primary federal agency that conducts and supports public health activities in the United States. The CDC is part of the US Department of Health and Human Services

communicable disease

A disease that can be spread from one person or species to another.

contamination

The presence of infectious organisms or foreign bodies on or in objects such as dressings, water, food, needles, wounds, or a patient's body.

concealment

The use of objects to limit a person's visibility of you.

critical incident stress management (CISM)

A process that confronts the responses to critical incidents and defuses them, directing the emergency services personnel toward physical and emotional equilibrium.

cumulative stress reactions

exposure to prolonged or excessive stress.

delayed stress reaction

Reaction to stress that occurs after a stressful situation.

designated officer

The individual in the department who is charged with the responsibility of managing exposures and infection control issues.

direct contact

Exposure or transmission of a communicable disease from one person to another by physical contact.

exposure

A situation in which a person has had contact with blood, body fluids, tissues, or airborne particles in a manner that suggests disease transmission may occur.

foodborne transmission

The contamination of food or water with an organism than can cause disease.

general adaptation syndrome

The body's response to stress that begins with an alarm response, followed by a stage of reaction and resistance, and then recovery or, if the stress is prolonged, exhaustion.

hepatitis

Inflammation of the liver, usually caused by a viral infection, that causes fever, loss of appetite, jaundice, fatigue, and altered liver function.

host

The organism or individual that is attacked by the infecting agent.

human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)

Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) is caused by HIV, which damages the cells in the body's immune system so that the body is unable to fight infection or certain cancers.

immune

The body's ability to protect itself from acquiring a disease.

indirect contact

Exposure or transmission of disease from one person to another by contact with a contaminated object.

infection

The abnormal invasion of a host or host tissues by organisms such as bacteria, viruses, or parasites, with or without signs or symptoms of disease.

infection control

Procedures to reduce transmission of infection among patients and health care personnel.

infectious disease

A medical condition caused by the growth and spread of small, harmful organisms within the body.

Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA)

The federal regulatory compliance agency that develops, publishes, and enforces guidelines concerning safety in the workplace.

pathogen

A microorganism that is capable of causing disease in a susceptible host.

personal protective equipment (PPE)

Protective equipment that blocks exposure to a pathogen or a hazardous material.

posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD)

A delayed stress reaction to a prior incident. Often the result of one or more unresolved issues concerning the incident, and may relate to an incident that involved physical harm or the threat of physical harm.

standard precautions

Protective measures that have traditionally been developed by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention for use in dealing with objects, blood, body fluids, and other potential exposure risks of communicable disease.

transmission

The way in which an infectious disease is spread: contact (direct or indirect), airborne, foodborne, or vector-borne

vector-borne transmission

The use of an animal to spread an organism from one person or place to another.

cover

The tactical use of an impenetrable barrier for protection.

If you are in the first unit to arrive at the scene of a motor vehicle collision what should you do?

Consider using the ambulance as a shield to protect the scene.

The stage of the grieving process where an attempt is made to secure a prize for good behavior or promise to change ones lifestyle is?

Bargaining

What are the 5 stages of grieving?

Denial, Anger/Hostility, Bargaining, Depression, Acceptance.

The stage of the grieving process that involves refusal to accept diagnosis or care is know as?

Denial

What should you wear when tools are being used during extrication?

Face shield or goggles

What is the first thing you should do if exposed to a patients blood or body fluids?

Turn over patient care to another EMS provider.

What is the response to the anticipation of danger

Anxiety

What should you do if you suspect your patient has tuberculosis?

Place a particulate air respirator on yourself and a surgical mask on the patient.

When arriving on scene, what should you focus on first?

Scene safety

What is common when acknowledging a child's death

Disbelief

How is an infections disease transmitted?

Vector-borne (insect) Airborne and Foodborne

What is the most common type of personal protective equipment

Gloves

Events that can trigger critical incident stress inclue

Mass -casualty incidents.

The quickest source of energy is?

Glucose

The safest most reliable source for long-term energy production is?

Protein

A CISD meeting is an opportunity to discuss?

Feelings about the incident.

Sexual Harassment is defined as?

Unwelcome requests for sexual favors

What immunizations does the CDC recommend for health care providers?

Hepatitis B, Influenza , Vacicella, Measles, Mumps, Rubella (MMR) Tetanus Diphtheria Pertussis (TDAP)

Hazardous materials in vehicles and buildings should be clearly identified using?

Placards and labels

What is a common characteristic found in patients with mental health problems?

Regression

What is the simplest yet most effective way to control disease transmission?

Handwashing

What refers to the tactics that have been shown to alleviate or eliminate stress reactions.

Stress Management

True or False

Recapping the needle from a syringe is the best way to dispose of it safely?

False

True or False

Gloves, eye protection and hand-washing are the main components of PPE

False

True or False

Denial is usually the first step in the grieving process

True

True or False

Body fluids are generally not considered infectious substances?

False

True or False

Physical conditioning, nutrition and sleep are several factors the EMT can control in helping to reduce stress?

True

True or False

The likelihood of you becoming infected during routine patient care is high?

false

True or False

Construction-type helmets are not well suited for rescue situation?

True

True or False

Religious customs or needs of the patient must be respected?

True

True or False

Diversity is an ineffective way to strengthen a public safety workforce?

False

What is the most important consideration at a hazardous materials incident?

Your own personal safety.

What are the signs of stress?

Increased heart rate, increased BP, tensed muscles, perspiration dilated pupils

List 3 layers of clothing recommended for cold weather

Thin layer, thermal middle layer, outer layer

list 3 signs/symptoms found in an anxious patient

rapid breathing, sweaty & cool skin, emotionally upset

what a common hazards associated with a fire scene.

smoke, oxygen deficiency, high ambret temps, toxic gases, building collapse, explosions, equipment malfunction

Bad sleep patterns

fall asleep within seconds, routinely fatigued within an hour, unable to make it through and entire day without sever fatigue, cant concentrate on repetitive tasks

What are some signs and symptoms of anxiety?

emotionally upset, sweaty and cool skin (diaphoretic) rapid breathing (hyperventilating) fast pulse (tachycardic) restlessness, tension, fear, shakiness

What is often associated with illness or trauma?

pain

what is generally thought of in relation to the oncoming pain and the outcome of the illness or trauma?

fear

What is the physiologic and psychological response to illness especially if the illness is prolonged debilitating or terminal

depression

What is the number one cause of all deaths today

heart disease

What is the impact of stressors on your physical and mental well being

stress

What are the two types of sexual harassment?

quid pro quo (the harassers request sexual favors in exchange for something else)

hostile work environment (jokes, touching, leering, dates

What in the workplaces causes an increase in accidents, tension among coworkers,and poor treatment decision

drugs and alcohol

What does wellness include?

mental, physical and social well being

What do scene hazards include?

hazardous materials, electricity, and fire