Thẻ ghi nhớ: CEA201 | Quizlet

(Choose answer)

The register file employs much shorter addresses than addresses for cache and memory.

A.True

B.False

A.True

(Chooseanswer)

The___________command is used to activate a peripheral and tell it what to do.

A. read

B. test

C. write

D. control

D. control

When data are moved over longer distances, to or from a remote device, the process is known as______

A.data communications

B.structuring

C.data transport

D.registering

A.data communications

One distinguishing characteristic of memory that is designated as_____is that it is possible both to read data from the memory and to write new data into the memory easily and rapidly.

A RAM

B EPROM

C ROM

D.EEPROM

A RAM

A______is a small, very-high-speed memory maintained by the instruction fetch stage of the pipeline and containing the n most recently fetched instructions in sequence.

A. multiple

stream

B.delayed branch

C branchprediction

D.loop buffer

D.loop buffer

________attributes include hardware details transparent to the programmer.

A.Organizational

B.Memory

C.Architectural|

D.Interface

Organizational

What interface is used to connect the processor to I/O devices that require transmission of data one bit at a time?

A. Input

B.Serial

C.Parallel

D.Bus

E.Output

B.Serial

The data lines provide a path for moving data among system modules and are collectively called the _____

A. system bus

B. bus address

C.bus control

D. data bus

D. data bus

The operation_______yields true if either or both of its operands are true.

A. AND

B. NOT

C. OR

D. NAND

C. OR

_ instructions are used to position quantities in registers temporarily for computational operations

A. Window

B. Load-and-store

C.Complex

D.Branch

B. Load-and-store

_____is when the processor spends most of its time swapping pages rather than executing instructions

A.Swapping

B.Paging

C.Thrashing

D.Multitasking

C.Thrashing

The sum of the seek time and the rotational delay equals the________which is the time it takes to get into position to read or write

constant

A. angular velocity

B.transfer ntime

C. accesstime

D gap time

C. accesstime

Architectural attributes include______

A. interfaces

B. 1/O mechanisms

C. control signals

D. memory technology used

B. 1/O mechanisms

A number of chips can be grouped together to form a memory bank.

A.False

B True

B True

Assume a stack-oriented processor that includes the stack operations PUSH and POP. Arithmetic operations automatically involve the top one or two stack elements. Begin with an empty stack. What stack elements remain after the following instructions are executed? PUSH 3; PUSH 4; ADD; PUSH 5; MUL

A. 35

B.60

C. 34

D 39

E 345

A. 35

Register indirect addressing uses the same number of memory references as indirect addressing.

A.False

B True

A.False

The____________performs the computer's data processing functions

A.ALU

B. Register

C. system bus

D.CPU interconnection

A.ALU

The____contains a word of data to be written to memory or the word most recently read.

A.MBR

B. IR

C .PC

D.MAR

A.MBR

Cache memory enhances

A. Memory access time

B.Secondary storage capacity

C. Memory capacity

D. Secondary storage access time

A. Memory access time

Counters can be designated as___

A.asynchronous

B. synchronous

C. both asynchronous and synchronous

D. neither asynchronous or synchronous

C. both asynchronous and synchronous

One of the major problems in designing an instruction pipeline is assuring a steady flow of instructions to the initial stages of the pipeline

A False

B True

B True

An 1/O module that takes on most of the detailed processing burden, presenting a high-level interface to the processor, is usually referred to as an______

A.I/0 command

B. I/0 channel

C. device controller

D. I/0 controller

B. I/0 channel

The advantage of________is that no memory reference other than the instruction fetch is required to obtain the operand

A.direct addressing

C. stack addressing

D. register addressing

B. immediate baddressing

An error-correcting code enhances the reliability of the memory at the cost of added complexity.

A False

B True

B True

________is the simplest mapping technique and maps each block of main memory into only one possible cache line.

A.Direct nmapping

B.Associative mapping

C. Set associative mapping

D None of the above

A.Direct nmapping

The_consists of the access time plus any additional time required before a second access can commence

.A. latency

B. memory cycle time

C. transfer rate

D. direct access

B. memory cycle time

A________architecture is one that makes use of more, and more fine-grained pipeline stages.

A superpipelined

B. hybrid

C. superscalar

D. parallel

A superpipelined

The_________determines the opcode and the operand specifiers.

A fetch operands

B. calculate operands

C. decode instruction

D. execute instruction

C. decode instruction

An interrupt is generated from software and it is provoked by the execution of an instruction.

A. False

B. True

A. False

With direct addressing, the length of the address field is usually less than the word length, thus limiting the address range.

A. False

B. True

B. True

_______provide storage internal to the CPU.

A Control units

B. ALUS

c. Manory

D. Registers

D. Registers

The SSDs now on the market use a type of semiconductor memory referred to as flash memory.

A. False

B. True

B. True

The most important system program is the OS.

A. False

B. True

B. True

The___scheduler is also known as the dispatcher.

A. medium-term

B.I/0

C.short-term

D.long-term

C.short-term

In a volatile memory, information decays naturally or is lost when electrical power is switched off.

A. False

B. True

B. True

Microprogramming eases the task of designing and implementing the control unit and provides support for the family concept

A. False

B. True

B. True

The only form of addressing for branch instructions is_______addressing

A. register

B. relative

C. base

D. immediate

D. immediate

It is a(n) _________ issue whether the multiply instruction will be implemented by a special multiply unit or by a mechanism that makes repeated use of the add unit of the system.

a. architectural

b. memory

c. mechanical

d. organizational

d. organizational

The disadvantage of the software poll is that it is time consuming.

A. True

B. False

A. True

Interrupt processing allows an application program to be suspended in order that a variety of interrupt conditions can be serviced and later resumed.

A. True

B. False

A. True

a_____is an actual location in main memory.

A. logical address

B. partition address

C. base address

D. physical address

D. physical address

The disadvantage of immediate addressing is that the size of the number is restricted to the size of the address field.

a. True

b. False

a. True

For internal memory, the __________ is equal to the number of electrical lines into and out of the memory module.

a. access time

b. unit of transfer

c. capacity

d. memory ratio

b. unit of transfer

The _________ scheduler determines which programs are admitted to the system for processing.

a. long-term

b. medium-term

c. short-term

d. I/O

a. long-term

Pipelining is a means of introducing parallelism into the essentially sequential nature of a machine-instruction program.

a. True

b. False

a. True

The use of multiple processors on the same chip is referred to as __________ and provides the potential to increase performance without increasing the clock rate.

a. multicore

b. GPU

c. data channels

d. MPC

a. multicore

The allocation of control information between registers and memory are not considered to be a key design issue.

a. True

b. False

b. False

When large volumes of data are to be moved, a more efficient technique is direct memory access (DMA).

a. True

b. False

a. True

When using_______ technique, all write operations are made to main memory as well as to the cache, ensuring

that main memory is always valid.

A. write back

B. LRU

C. write through

D. unified cache

C. write through

Semiconductor memory comes in packaged chips.

A. True

B. False

A. True

Backward compatible means that the programs written for the older machines can be executed on the new machine.

a. True

b. False

a. True

The_ defines the third generation of computers.

A. integrated circuit

B. vacuum tube

C. transistor

D. VLSI

A. integrated circuit

Cache is not a form of internal memory.

A. True

B. False

B. False

The operand___yields true if and only if both of its operands are true.

A. XOR

B. OR

C. AND

D. NOT

C. A

Magnetic disks are the foundation of external memory on virtually all computer systems

A. True

B. False

A. True

The register file is on the same chip as the ALU and control unit.

A. True

B. False

A. True

With a batch operating system the user does not have direct access to the processor.

A. True

B. False

A. True

The end user is concerned mainly with the computer's architecture.

A. True

B. False

B. False

For _________, the address field references a main memory address and the referenced register contains a positive displacement from that address.

a. indexing

b. base-register addressing

c. relative addressing

d. all of the above

a. indexing

A _______ is an electronic circuit that produces an output signal that is a simple Boolean operation on its input signals.

a. gate

b. decoder

c. counter

d. flip-flop

a. gate

The register that keeps the address of next instruction to be executed is______

A. AC

B. PC

C. IR

D. MBR

E. MQ

B. PC

A static RAM will hold its data as long as power is supplied to it.

A. True

B. False

A. True

Computer _________ refers to those attributes that have a direct impact on the logical execution of a program.

a. organization

b. specifics

c. design

d. architecture

d. architecture

A computer must be able to process, store, move, and control data.

A. True

B. False

A. True

The_____controls the movement of dala and instructions into and gut of the processor.

A. control unit

B. ALU

C. shifter

D. branch

A. control unit

In most contemporary systems fixed-length sectors are used, with _________ bytes being the nearly universal sector size.

a. 64

b. 128

c. 256

d. 512

d. 512

The disadvantage of immediate addressing is that the size of the number is restricted to the : address field.

A. True

B. False

A. True

RAM must be provided with a constant power supply.

A. True

B. False

A. True

Techniques that automatically move program and data blocks into the physical main memor required for execution are called

A. Associative-Mapping techniques

B. Main Memory techniques

C. Virtual Memory techniques

D. Cache Memory techniques

E. Paging techniques

C. Virtual Memory techniques

A sequence of codes or instructions is called __________.

a. software

b. memory

c. an interconnect

d. a register

a. software

When the magnetizable coating is applied to both sides of the platter the disk is then referred to as _________.

a. multiple sided

b. substrate

c. double sided

d. all of the above

c. double sided

The __________ contains the 8-bit opcode instruction being executed.

a. memory buffer register

b. instruction buffer register

c. instruction register

d. memory address register

c. instruction register

Interrupts do not improve processing efficiency.

A. True

B. False

B. False

A characteristic of ROM is that it is volatile.

A. True

B. False

B. False

It is possible to improve pipeline performance by automatically rearranging instructions within a program so that branch instructions occur later than actually desired.

A. True

B. False

A. True

The most common means of computer/user interaction is a __________.

a. keyboard/monitor

b. mouse/printer

c. modem/printer

d. monitor/printer

a. keyboard/monitor

The unary operation _________ inverts the value of its operand.

a. OR

b. NOT

c. NAND

d. XOR

b. NOT

A set of I/O modules is a key element of a computer system.

a. True

b. False

a. True

The predict-never-taken approach is the most popular of all the branch prediction methods.

A. True

B. False

A. True

The __________ interprets the instructions in memory and causes them to be executed.

a. main memory

b. control unit

c. I/O

d. arithmetic and logic unit

b. control unit

Data are transferred to and from the disk in __________.

a. tracks

b. gaps

c. sectors

d. pits

c. sectors

The principal advantage of ___________ addressing is that it is a very simple form of addressing.

a. displacement

b. register

c. stack

d. direct

d. direct

An interrupt is a hardware-generated signal to the processor.

A. True

B. False

A. True

The___command is used to activate a peripheral and tell it what to do.

A. control

B. test

C. read

D. write

A. control

All DRAMs require a refresh operation.

A. True

B. False

A. True

There are typically hundreds of sectors per track and they may be either fixed or variable lengths.

a. True

b. False

a. True

The value of the mode field determines which addressing mode is to be used.

a. True

b. False

a. True

The l/O function includes a_____requirement to coordinate the gy, of traffic between

and external devices.

A. cycle

B. status reporting

C. control and timing

D. data

C. control and timing

In a system without virtual memory, the effective address is a virtual addrgss or a register.

A. True

B. False

B. False

Swapping is an i/O operation.

A. True

B. False

A. True

In a volatie memory, information decays naturally or is lost when electrigal power is switched

A. True

B. False

A. True

The System bus is made up of_________

A. Control bus

B. Address bus

C. Both Control bus and Address bus

D. Control bus, Data bus and Address bus

E. Data bus

D. Control bus, Data bus and Address bus

It is common for programs, both system and application, to continue to exhibit new bugs after years of operation.

a. True

b. False

a. True

Designers wrestle with the challenge of balancing processor performance with that of main memory and other computer components.

a. True

b. False

a. True

A computer has memory of 256k words, how many bits are required to spacify the address

A. 16 bits

B. 12 bits

C. 8 bits

D. 18 bits

E. 10 bits

D. 18 bits

In reference to access time to a two-level memory, a _________ occurs if an accessed word is not found in the faster memory.

a. miss

b. hit

c. line

d. tag

a. miss

External memory is often equated with main memory.

a. True

b. False

b. False

Cache memory is a much faster memory than the register file.

A. True

B. False

B. False

A __________ system is a set of interrelated subsystems.

a. secondary

b. hierarchical

c. complex

d. functional

b. hierarchical

The______is connected to the address lines of the system bus

A. MBR

B. MAR

C. PC

D. IR

B. MAR