Chapter 5: Membrane Dynamics

studied byStudied by 22 people
5.0(1)
Get a hint
Hint

plasma membrane

1 / 36

encourage image

There's no tags or description

Looks like no one added any tags here yet for you.

37 Terms

1

plasma membrane

composed of a phospholipids bilayer, hydrophilic phosphate heads and a hydrophobic tail, cholesterol molecules that help stabilize the cell membrane (tooth pick)

New cards
2

receptor proteins

receive and transmit messages into the cell

New cards
3

integral proteins

form specialized doorways for specific molecules

New cards
4

cellular adhesion molecules (CAMs)

(desmosomes or gap junctions) that allow the cells to stick to each other and allow small molecules to move between the cytoplasm of adjacent cells

New cards
5

tight junctions

the cell-cell junctions act as barriers to minimize the unregulated diffusion of material between cells, so there is very little paracellular transport

(cells that line the small intestine)

New cards
6

carbohydrate chain

antigen (cell marker) identify self to self

New cards
7

passive transportation (not requiring energy) through the cell membrane

osmosis

filtration

facilitated diffusion

diffusion

New cards
8

osmosis

diffusion of water using kinetic energy (H2O follows solute)

New cards
9

filtration

moves from high to lower concentration (moving out of an airport)

uses hydrostatic pressure

New cards
10

facilitated diffusion

moves from higher to lower concentration with the aid of a transporter faster movement using kinetic energy

New cards
11

tonicity

describes a solution and how that solution affects cell volume (H2O follows solute)

New cards
12

hypotonic

cell swells when placed in solution and therefor gains water

New cards
13

hypertonic

cell shrinks when placed in solution and therefore loses water

New cards
14

isotonic

cell neither gains or loses water when placed in solution

New cards
15

diffusion

moves substances from higher concentration to an area of lower concentration

New cards
16

fick’s law of simple diffusion

how it moves out of membrane

New cards
17

channel protein diffusion

utilize membrane-spanning protein subunits with a tunnel or pore which is open at both ends at the same time

New cards
18

carrier protein diffusion

utilize membrane-spanning protein subunits that bind to the substrates that they carry, but never form a direct connection between the intracellular and extracellular fluids

(revolving door)

New cards
19

bulk transport through the cell membrane (requires energy and ATP)

active transport (direct/indirect)

endocytosis

exocytosis

New cards
20

active transport

moving substances against the concentration gradient, selectively permeable

sodium - outside

potassium - inside

low to high concentration

New cards
21

primary (direct) active transport

the energy to push molecules against the concentration gradient comes directly from the high-energy phosphate bond of ATP

New cards
22

secondary (indirect) active transport

uses the kinetic energy in one molecule moving down its concentration gradient to push other molecules against their concentration gradient

New cards
23

endocytosis

into the cell - an indentation by the membrane, surround and pinched off and moved to where it will be digested in a much smaller vesicle

pinocytosis, phagocytosis, receptor mediated

New cards
24

phagocytosis

cell eating (going after it) using a large membrane-bound vesicle

New cards
25

pinocytosis

cell drinking

New cards
26

receptor mediated endocytosis

active mediated transport

New cards
27

exocytosis

out of the cell - enclosed by the membrane in a vesicle and transported out of the cell thus rupturing outside the cell (secretion)

New cards
28

specificity

the ability of a carrier to move only one molecule or only a group of closely related molecules

New cards
29

competition

where a transporter may move several members of a related group of substrates, but those substrates will compete with one another for the binding sites on the transporter

New cards
30

saturation

depends on both the substrate concentration and the number of carrier molecules

New cards
31

paracellular transport

movement occurs through the junctions between adjacent cells

(plasma, interstitial fluid of GI tract)

New cards
32

transcellular transport

movement occurs through the epithelial cells themselves forcing the crossing of two cell membranes

(alveoli and blood)

New cards
33

gap junctions

allow small molecules and ions to move between the cytoplasm of adjacent cells

(muscle cells of the heart and digestive tract)

New cards
34

desmosomes

attach the intermediate filaments of the cytoskeleton. strongest of the cell-cell anchoring junctions

(muscles of the heart)

New cards
35

secretion or ejection of substances from a cell

the substance is enclosed in a membranous vesicle which fuses with the plasma membrane and ruptures. releasing the substance to the exterior

New cards
36

mass balance

existing body load + [intake/metabolic production] - [excretion/metabolic removal]

New cards
37

clearance

rate at which molecule disappears from the body

mass flow = concentration x volume flow

New cards

Explore top notes

note Note
studied byStudied by 18 people
... ago
4.0(1)
note Note
studied byStudied by 12 people
... ago
5.0(1)
note Note
studied byStudied by 34 people
... ago
5.0(1)
note Note
studied byStudied by 13 people
... ago
5.0(2)
note Note
studied byStudied by 1 person
... ago
5.0(1)
note Note
studied byStudied by 57 people
... ago
5.0(1)
note Note
studied byStudied by 22 people
... ago
5.0(1)
note Note
studied byStudied by 1975 people
... ago
4.7(11)

Explore top flashcards

flashcards Flashcard (93)
studied byStudied by 1 person
... ago
5.0(1)
flashcards Flashcard (115)
studied byStudied by 13 people
... ago
5.0(2)
flashcards Flashcard (22)
studied byStudied by 17 people
... ago
5.0(3)
flashcards Flashcard (75)
studied byStudied by 2 people
... ago
5.0(1)
flashcards Flashcard (29)
studied byStudied by 27 people
... ago
5.0(2)
flashcards Flashcard (40)
studied byStudied by 1 person
... ago
5.0(1)
flashcards Flashcard (20)
studied byStudied by 1 person
... ago
5.0(1)
flashcards Flashcard (134)
studied byStudied by 2615 people
... ago
4.0(26)
robot