Glass Packaging

Glass

An organic substance fused at high temperatures and cooled quickly so that it solidifies in a vitreous or noncrystalline condition.

• Amorphous

• Hard

• Brittle

• Transparent

Properties of Glass

Glass has no definite melting point

What is the melting point of Glass?

• Metallic silicates

• Sodium borates

• Potassium

• Calcium

• Lead

Glass has no definite melting point obtained by fusing a mixture of a number of:

• Silica Sand (silicone oxide)

• Soda Ash (sodium carbonate)

• Limestone (calcium carbonate)

• Alumina (aluminum oxide)

Sources of Glass:

• Inert

• Odorless and Tasteless

• Impermeable

• Clear

• Associated with luxury (upscale image)

• Rigid and volume doesn’t change with pressure

• Stable at high temps

Advantages of Glass

• Fragile

• Cracks with sudden temp change

• Expensive (compared to other materials)

• Expensive transportation cost

• Low impact resistance

• High protection required

Disadvantages of Glass

Phase 1: Mixing

Phase 2: Melting

Phase 3: Molding

Phase 4: Completion

• Annealing

• Finishing

Manufacturing process:

Furnace

Batch material are mixed and heated to fusion in a __________

Furnace

referred to as a heater or boiler in glass production.

Annealing

Process of cooling slowly the newly shaped bottle.

Finishing

Formed bottles are cleaned, polished , rounded, etc.

Flint

Used to make clear glass and is used in majority of packaging applications

Amber

Brown glass

Amber

Known to filter out light in the critical ultraviolet (UV) region.

Iron and Sulfur

Oxides used as brown colorant for glass

Emerald

Bright green glass used mostly for wines and lime or lemon flavored soft drinks.

Chrome oxide

Used to give glass it’s green color.

Cobalt oxides

__________ give glass it’s blue color.

Sealing surface

The flat, circular top surface of the finish which makes direct contact with the closure to form a seal.

Land

Sealing surface is also known as ____________

Sealing surface

If this isn’t flat, container may leak

Thread

A spiral-shaped ridge on the finish of a bottle intended to mesh with a similarly sized screw-type closure to seal the container

Neck ring or Transfer bead

A horizontal ridge at the base of the finish used for transferring the bottle from one part of the production process to the next.

Mold seam

The slight vertical ridge that runs through the neck ring and the rest of the finish. The seam indicates where two halves of the finish molds were joined.

Body

The main part of the bottle where the sidewalls are usually (but not always) vertical

Bottom

The entire lower part of the bottle below the sidewalls.

• Heel

• Base

• Push-up

Parts of the bottom of a bottle:

Punt Mark

The bottom may have letters and symbols molded into it that indicate the number of the mold cavity that produced the container and the manufacturer.

Heel

The lower part of the bottle where the body (sidewall) turns from vertical to horizontal.

Heel

This serves as a registration device for labeling and decorating equipment

Push-up

An inward dome in the center of the base.

Finish

The top part of the container, above the neck, shaped to accommodate a specific closure.

Shoulder

The part of the bottle that joins the wide main body and the narrower neck.

Slope of the shoulder

This is one factor in determining how quickly a product will be dispensed when the bottle is inverted.

Label panel

A flat area on the body of the bottle that can accept the application of a label.

Mold parting line

The bottom plate is the part of the mold that shapes the bottom of the container. This is a slight horizontal ridge formed in the joint between two parts of the mold

base

An even bearing surface that forms a ring around the outside of the bottom upon which the bottle rests.

Glass jars

They have a wide mouth (opening) and are perfect for sauces.

Economy rounds

Glass jars are also called _____________

Paragon Jars

Jars that are tall and lean

French Square (or Victorian) Jars

These durable jars are often seen housing bath crystals, herbs and other cosmetic or food items.

Standard Spice Jar

Both these jars come in round or square

Winchester Bottle

Boston Round Bottle is also called this

Boston Round Bottle

This heavy and strong bottle is very commonly used for chemical applications but is also used in food and cosmetic industries as well

Long Necked Bottles (Woozy Bottles)

These bottles come in a variety of sizes but the most common woozy bottle sighting for me is the intrepid hot sauce or cocktail bitters.

Wine Bottles

These usually come clear for white wines and tinted for red wines

Ampoule

This is a tiny single dosage vial with a sealed neck.

Vial

_____ is a small multi-dose container that can hold serums, liquid drugs and other compounds used mostly in the medical industry.