OPIATES

DRUG CLASS EXAM 2

opiates come from

poppy sap (papaver somniferum)

neurotransmitter

endorphins

earliest use

6400 BCE ancient greeks

discovery

isolated by serturner (1803)

acute effects

pain relief

euphoria

respiratory depression

chronic effects

tolerence devloped fast

awful withdrawal

opioid induced hyperalgesia

metabolism happens in

liver

analgesic drugs

fight pain

antagonist drugs (save lives)

block receptors (naloxone, naltrexone)

Harrison narcotics act (1914)

restrict opiates to medical use

who fought in opium wars

china & UK

drug helping heroin addicts

methadone

opiates supress

coughs & pain

drug helps with opiate withdrawal

clonidine

semisynthetic opiates

hydrocodone (thebaine)

heroin (morphine)

purely synthetic opiates

fentanyl

methadone

natural opiates

codeine

thebaine

opium dissolved in ALC

laudanum

hypodermic needle

allows injection (1850s)

heroin was marketed for

coughs

opiates have

positive & negative effects

heroin is best in

crossing blood-brain barrier

heroin in brain turns into

morphine

greek god of dreams

Morpheus

most potent & strongest transdermally (skin)

fentanyl

whats bad about chronic opiate use

withdrawal

opium overdose occurs from

respiratory depression