IB Bio SL (A2.2) - Organelles

ribosome

organelle that synthesizes (makes) proteins

chloroplast

site of photosynthesis in plant cells

mitochondrion

organelle that converts food to energy (power) for the cell

nucleus

organelle that contains the cell's genetic information

cell wall

rigid outer layer of plant and bacterial cells

cell membrane

semi-permeable outer layer composed of phospholipids

endoplasmic reticulum (ER)

organelle that transports materials throughout the cells

lysosome

organelle with digestive enzymes

cytoplasm

fluid material within a living cell, excluding the nucleus.

vacuole

organelle that serves a storage for water, salts, and minerals

centrioles

paired organelles involved in cell division

flagella

whip-like organelle found in bacteria [and some other cells] used for locomotion (movement)

prokaryote

the cell type with no nucleus

eukaryote

the cell type containing a nucleus

photosynthesis

the process that occurs in the chloroplast

deoxyribonucleic acid

the macromolecule polymer containing genetic information

cytology

the study of cells

pili

short, hairlike structures on the surface of some bacteria that allow them to "stick" to surfaces

water, salts, and minerals

found in the vacuole

enzymes and waste products

found in the lysosome

locomotion (movement)

function of structures like flagella and cilia

bacteria

an example of a prokaryote

Golgi body

organelle that packages proteins and other newly formed materials, and distributes them to other parts of the cell.